Wednesday, June 18, 2008

Thyagaraja Kriti - Bhaktuni Charitramu - Raga Begada

Transliteration–Telugu
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

bhaktuni cAritramu-bEgaDa

In the kRti ‘bhaktuni cAritramu’ – rAga bEgaDa (tALa Adi) SrI tyAgarAja lists out the ideal conduct of a true devotee.

pallavi
bhaktuni cAritramu vinavE
manasA sItA rAma (bhaktuni)


anupallavi
(1A)sakti lEka tA kOrucu 2jIvan-
muktuDai(y)3Anandamun(o)ndu (bhaktuni)


caraNam 1
japa tapamula tA jEsitin(a)na rAdu adigAka mari
kapaT(A)tmuDu manamai palka rAdu
upama tanaku lEka(y)uNDavalen(a)ni(y)-
Ura(y)Ura tirugaga rAdu
capala cittuDai(y)Alu sutulapai
sAreku bhrama kArAd(a)nE hari (bhaktuni)


caraNam 2
bhava vibhavamu nijam(a)ni(y)encaga rAdu adigAka mari
Siva mAdhava bhEdamu jEyaga rAdu
bhuvanam(a)ndu tAnE yOgyuDan(a)ni bonki
poTTa sAkaga rAdu
pavan(A)tmaja dhRtamau sItA pati
pAdamulanu(y)Emara rAd(a)nu hari (bhaktuni)


caraNam 3
rajasa tAmasa guNamulu kArAdu adigAkanu
4avyAjamunanu rA lEd(a)na kArAdu
5rAja yOga mArgamu nI cittamu
rA jUcuTa viDavaga rAdu
rAja SikhA maNi(y)aina
tyAgarAja sakhuni marava rAd(a)nE hari (bhaktuni)


Gist

O My Mind!
  • Listen to the conduct of the devotee of Lord sItA rAma.

  • Listen to the conduct of the devotee of Lord sItA rAma, who, devoid of all attachments, seeking the Indwelling Lord, attains bliss by becoming Living Free.

  • Listen to the conduct of the devotee of Lord hari who says that -
    1. one should never boast that “I performed daily prayers and penances”;
    2. one should not speak cunningly;
    3. one should not roam about from place to place (exhibiting talents) so that he should be unrivalled;
    4. one should not, by becoming fickle minded, ever be fascinated by (encumbrances like) wife and children;
    5. one should not consider the festivities (as seen in the) Ocean of Worldly Existence to be real;
    6. one should not differentiate (between sects) as ‘Lord Siva’ and ‘Lord vishNu’;
    7. one should not nourish his stomach by lying that he alone is the most competent in the World;
    8. one should not forget the Feet of Lord SrI rAma - Consort of sItA - held by AnjanEya;
    9. one should not have (be under the influence of) qualities of passion and inertia;
    10. one should not say that (grace of the Lord) did not come of its own (without earning it);
    11. one’s mind should not give up till the path of rAja yOga is firmly established; and
    12. one should not forget Lord SrI rAma who is the crown jewel of all Kings and who is the companion of this tyAgarAja.



    Word-by-word Meaning

    pallavi
    bhaktuni cAritramu vinavE
    manasA sItA rAma (bhaktuni)

    O My Mind (manasA)! Listen (vinavE) to the conduct (cAritramu) of the devotee (bhaktuni) of Lord sItA rAma.


    anupallavi
    (A)sakti lEka tA kOrucu jIvan-
    muktuDai-Anandamunu-ondu (bhaktuni)

    O My Mind! Listen to the conduct of the devotee of Lord sItA rAma who-
    devoid of all attachments (Asakti lEka), himself (tA) seeking (kOrucu) (the Indwelling Lord),
    attains (ondu) bliss (Anandamunu) by becoming Living Free (jIvan-muktuDai) (jIvan-muktuDaiyAnandamunondu).


    caraNam 1
    japa tapamula tA jEsitin(a)na rAdu adigAka mari
    kapaTa-AtmuDu manamai palka rAdu
    upama tanaku lEka-uNDavalenu-ani-
    Ura-Ura tirugaga rAdu
    capala cittuDai-Alu sutulapai
    sAreku bhrama kArAdu-anE hari (bhaktuni)

    O My Mind! Listen to the conduct of the devotee of Lord hari who says that (anE) -
    one should never boast (ana rAdu) that “I (tA) (literally self) performed (jEsitini) (jEsitinana) daily prayers (japa) and penances (tapamula)”; and (mari) further (adigAka),
    one should not speak (palka rAdu) cunningly (kapaTAtmuDu manamai) (literally we becoming cunning);
    one should not roam about (tirugaga rAdu) from place to place (Ura Ura) (literally village to village) (exhibiting talents) so that (ani) none should be (lEka uNDavalenu) (lEkayuNDavalenaniyUrayUra) rival (upama) to self (tanaku); and
    one should not (kArAdu) (literally it is not done) (kArAdanE), by becoming fickle (capala) minded (cittuDai), ever (sAreku) be fascinated (bhrama) by (encumbrances like) wife (Alu) and children (sutulu) (sutulupai) (cittuDaiyAlu).


    caraNam 2
    bhava vibhavamu nijamu-ani-encaga rAdu adigAka mari
    Siva mAdhava bhEdamu jEyaga rAdu
    bhuvanamandu tAnE yOgyuDanu-ani bonki
    poTTa sAkaga rAdu
    pavana-Atmaja dhRtamau sItA pati
    pAdamulanu-Emara rAdu-anu hari (bhaktuni)

    O My Mind! Listen to the conduct of the devotee of Lord hari who says that (anu) -
    one should not consider (encaga rAdu) the festivities (vibhavamu) (as seen in the) Ocean (bhava) of Worldly Existence to be (ani) real (nijamu) (nijamaniyencaga); and (mari) further (adigAka),
    one should not differentiate (bhEdamu jEyaga rAdu) (between sects) as ‘Lord Siva’ and ‘Lord vishNu’ (mAdhava);
    one should not nourish (sAkaga rAdu) his stomach (poTTa) by lying (bonki) that he alone (tAnE) is the most competent (yOgyuDanu) (yOgyuDanani) in (andu) the World (bhuvanamu) (bhuvanamandu); and
    one should not forget (Emara rAdu) (rAdanu) the Feet (pAdamulanu) (pAdamulanuyEmara) of Lord SrI rAma - Consort (pati) of sItA - held (dhRtamau) by AnjanEya – mind-born (Atmaja) of Wind God (pavana) (pavanAtmaja).


    caraNam 3
    rajasa tAmasa guNamulu kArAdu adigAkanu
    avyAjamunanu rA lEdu-ana kArAdu
    rAja yOga mArgamu nI cittamu
    rA jUcuTa viDavaga rAdu
    rAja SikhA maNiyaina
    tyAgarAja sakhuni marava rAdu-anE hari (bhaktuni)

    O My Mind! Listen to the conduct of the devotee of Lord hari who says (anE) that -
    one should not have (kArAdu) (literally it is not done) (be under the influence of) qualities (guNamulu) of passion (rAjasa) and inertia (tAmasa); furthermore (adigAkanu),
    one should not (kArAdu) (literally it is not done) say (ana) that (grace of the Lord) did not come (rA lEdu) (lEdana) of its own (avyAjamunanu) (literally without any motive) (without earning it);
    one’s (nI) (literally your) mind (cittamu) should not give up (viDavaga rAdu) till the path (mArgamu) of rAja yOga is firmly established (rA jUcuTa) (literally see that it is accomplished);
    one should not forget (marava rAdu) (rAdanE) the Lord SrI rAma who is (aina) the crown jewel (SikhA maNi) (maNiyaina) of all Kings (rAja) and who is the companion (sakhA) (sakhuni) of this tyAgarAja.


    Notes -
    Variations
    3 – Anandamondu – AnandamondE.

    References
    2 - jIvan mukta – Please refer to jIvanmuktAnanda lahari by Adi SankarAcArya - to know the state of mind of jIvan mukta –

    5 - rAja yOga – Please refer to SrImad-bhagavad-gIta – Chapter 9.

    Comments -
    1 – (A)sakti lEka – In all the books this is given as ‘(A)sakti’. According to musically knowledgeable people, (A) in brackets, indicates that it belongs to previous tALa Avarti. The meaning taken in all the books for this word 'Asakti' is ‘attachment’ (to senses).

    From a reference to SrImad-bhagavad-gItA, Chapter 3, verse 25 - 'sakta' is the word used for 'attachment (towards objects)'; in the nArada bhakti sUtras (81) – ‘Asakti’ is used to mean ‘Love towards Lord’; in lalitA sahasranAmam (109) – ‘Asakti’ is used for ‘joy in union with Lord’; in tyAgaraja kRiti 'nIvE kannaDa jEsitE' - rAga saurAshtraM – SrI tyAgaraja (caraNa 2) uses the word 'Asakti' to mean 'attachment to Lord'; as per Monier's Sanskrit Dictionary, 'sakti' is the word used for ‘attachment towards sense objects’ and ‘asakti’ or 'Asakti' is ‘attachment’ in a higher sense.

    4 – avyAjamunanu rA lEdu – In some books this seems to have been translated as ‘profit did not come of its own’. Though not specifically mentioned, ‘avyAja’ is, generally, used with reference to grace of Lord.

    avyAja karuNA – Mother lalitA tripura-sundari is called ‘avyAja karuNa mUrti’ (Refers to lalitA sahasra nAmaM – 992)



    Devanagari

    ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
    ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
    ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
    ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
    ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
    औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

    प. भक्तुनि चारित्रमु विनवे
    मनसा सीता राम (भ)

    अ. (आ)सक्ति लेक ता कोरुचु
    जीवन्मुक्तुडै(या)नन्दमु(नॊ)न्दु (भ)

    च1. जप तपमुल ता जेसिति(न)न रादु अदिगाक मरि
    कप(टा)त्मुडु मनमै पल्क रादु
    उपम तनकु लेक(यु)ण्डवलॆ(न)नि-
    (यू)र(यू)र तिरुगग रादु
    चपल चित्तुडै(या)लु सुतुलपै
    सारॆकु भ्रम कारा(द)ने हरि (भ)

    च2. भव विभवमु निज(म)नि(यॆ)ञ्चग रादु अदिगाक मरि
    शिव माधव भेदमु जेयग रादु
    भुवन(म)न्दु ताने योग्युड(न)नि बॊंकि
    पॊट्ट साकग रादु
    पव(ना)त्मज धृतमौ सीता पति
    पादमुलनु(ये)मर रा(द)नु हरि (भ)

    च3. राजस तामस गुणमुलु कारादु अदिगाकनु
    अव्याजमुननु राले(द)न कारादु
    राज योग मार्गमु नी चित्तमु
    रा जूचुट विडवग रादु
    राज शिखा मणि(यै)न
    त्यागराज सखुनि मरव रा(द)ने हरि (भ)


    Tamil

    க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
    (ச3 - ஜ)
    ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
    ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

    ப. ப4க்துனி சாரித்ரமு வினவே
    மனஸா ஸீதா ராம (ப4)

    அ. (ஆ)ஸக்தி லேக தா கோருசு
    ஜீவன்-முக்துடை3(யா)னந்த3மு(னொ)ந்து3 (ப4)

    ச1. ஜப தபமுல தா ஜேஸிதி(ன)ன ராது3 அதி3கா3க மரி
    கப(டா)த்முடு3 மனமை பல்க ராது3
    உபம தனகு லேக(யு)ண்ட3வலெ(ன)னி-
    (யூ)ர(யூ)ர திருக3க3 ராது3
    சபல சித்துடை3(யா)லு ஸுதுலபை
    ஸாரெகு ப்4ரம காரா(த3)னே ஹரி (ப4)

    ச2. ப4வ விப4வமு நிஜ(ம)னி(யெ)ஞ்சக3 ராது3 அதி3கா3க மரி
    ஸி1வ மாத4வ பே4த3மு ஜேயக3 ராது3
    பு4வன(ம)ந்து3 தானே யோக்3யுட3(ன)னி பொ3ங்கி
    பொட்ட ஸாகக3 ராது3
    பவ(னா)த்மஜ த்4ரு2தமௌ ஸீதா பதி
    பாத3முலனு(யே)மர ரா(த3)னு ஹரி (ப4)

    ச3. ராஜஸ தாமஸ கு3ணமுலு காராது3 அதி3கா3கனு
    அவ்யாஜமுனனு ராலே(த3)ன காராது3
    ராஜ யோக3 மார்க3மு நீ சித்தமு
    ரா ஜூசுட விட3வக3 ராது3
    ராஜ ஸி1கா2 மணி(யை)ன
    த்யாக3ராஜ ஸகு2னி மரவ ரா(த3)னே ஹரி (ப4)

    சீதாராமனின் தொண்டனின் நடத்தையினைக் கேளாய், மனமே!

    (உலக) பற்றின்றி, தானே வேண்டி, சீவன்-
    முத்தனாகிக் களிப்பெய்தும்
    தொண்டனின் நடத்தையினைக் கேளாய், மனமே!

    1. செபம், தவங்களைத் தான் இயற்றினேனென்று கூறலாகாது; அஃதன்றி, மேலும்
    வஞ்சக உள்ளத்தோன் நாமாகி, பேசலாகாது;
    உவமை தனக்கு இல்லாமல் இருக்கவேண்டுமென,
    (திறமைகளைக் காட்டிக்கொண்டு) ஊரூராகத் திரியலாகாது;
    அலையும் உள்ளத்தினனாகி, மனைவி மக்கள் மீது,
    எவ்வமயமும், மயக்கம் கூடாதெனும், அரியின்
    தொண்டனின் நடத்தையினைக் கேளாய், மனமே!

    2. உலக வைபவத்தினை நிசமென்று எண்ணலாகாது; அஃதன்றி, மேலும்
    சிவ, மாதவ வேறுபாடு செய்யலாகாது;
    புவியினில் தானே திறமையுடையவனெனப் பொய் சொல்லி,
    வயிறு வளர்க்கலாகாது;
    வாயு மைந்தன் பற்றியுள்ள சீதா பதியின்
    திருவடிகளை மறக்கலாகாதெனும், அரியின்
    தொண்டனின் நடத்தையினைக் கேளாய், மனமே!

    3. இராசத, தாமத குணங்கள் கூடாது; அஃதன்றி,
    காரணமின்றி, (இறைவனின் கருணை) வரவில்லை யெனலாகாது;
    இராச யோக நெறியினை, உனதுள்ளம்
    அடையப் பெறுதலை விடலாகாது;
    அரசர்களின் முடிமணியாகிய,
    தியாகராசனின் நண்பனை மறக்கலாகாதெனும், அரியின்
    தொண்டனின் நடத்தையினைக் கேளாய், மனமே!

    சீவன்-முத்தன் - உயிருடனிருக்கும்போதே முத்தி பெற்றவன்
    வைபவம் - கொண்டாட்டம்
    வாயு மைந்தன் - அனுமன்
    இராசத, தாமத - முக்குணங்கள்
    காரணமின்றி - உழைக்காமலே கருணை கிடைக்குமென எண்ணுதல்
    இராச யோகம் - கீதை - 9-வது அத்தியாயம் காண்க.


    Telugu

    ప. భక్తుని చారిత్రము వినవే
    మనసా సీతా రామ (భ)

    అ. (ఆ)సక్తి లేక తా కోరుచు
    జీవన్ముక్తుడైయానందమునొందు (భ)

    చ1. జప తపముల తా జేసితినన రాదు అదిగాక మరి
    కపటాత్ముడు మనమై పల్క రాదు
    ఉపమ తనకు లేకయుండవలెనని-
    యూరయూర తిరుగగ రాదు
    చపల చిత్తుడైయాలు సుతులపై
    సారెకు భ్రమ కారాదనే హరి (భ)

    చ2. భవ విభవము నిజమనియెంచగ రాదు అదిగాక మరి
    శివ మాధవ భేదము జేయగ రాదు
    భువనమందు తానే యోగ్యుడనని బొంకి
    పొట్ట సాకగ రాదు
    పవనాత్మజ ధృతమౌ సీతా పతి
    పాదములనుయేమర రాదను హరి (భ)

    చ3. రాజస తామస గుణములు కారాదు అదిగాకను
    అవ్యాజమునను రాలేదన కారాదు
    రాజ యోగ మార్గము నీ చిత్తము
    రా జూచుట విడవగ రాదు
    రాజ శిఖా మణియైన
    త్యాగరాజ సఖుని మరవ రాదనే హరి (భ)



    Kannada

    ಪ. ಭಕ್ತುನಿ ಚಾರಿತ್ರಮು ವಿನವೇ
    ಮನಸಾ ಸೀತಾ ರಾಮ (ಭ)

    ಅ. (ಆ)ಸಕ್ತಿ ಲೇಕ ತಾ ಕೋರುಚು
    ಜೀವನ್ಮುಕ್ತುಡೈಯಾನಂದಮುನೊಂದು (ಭ)

    ಚ1. ಜಪ ತಪಮುಲ ತಾ ಜೇಸಿತಿನನ ರಾದು ಅದಿಗಾಕ ಮರಿ
    ಕಪಟಾತ್ಮುಡು ಮನಮೈ ಪಲ್ಕ ರಾದು
    ಉಪಮ ತನಕು ಲೇಕಯುಂಡವಲೆನನಿ-
    ಯೂರಯೂರ ತಿರುಗಗ ರಾದು
    ಚಪಲ ಚಿತ್ತುಡೈಯಾಲು ಸುತುಲಪೈ
    ಸಾರೆಕು ಭ್ರಮ ಕಾರಾದನೇ ಹರಿ (ಭ)

    ಚ2. ಭವ ವಿಭವಮು ನಿಜಮನಿಯೆಂಚಗ ರಾದು ಅದಿಗಾಕ ಮರಿ
    ಶಿವ ಮಾಧವ ಭೇದಮು ಜೇಯಗ ರಾದು
    ಭುವನಮಂದು ತಾನೇ ಯೋಗ್ಯುಡನನಿ ಬೊಂಕಿ
    ಪೊಟ್ಟ ಸಾಕಗ ರಾದು
    ಪವನಾತ್ಮಜ ಧೃತಮೌ ಸೀತಾ ಪತಿ
    ಪಾದಮುಲನುಯೇಮರ ರಾದನು ಹರಿ (ಭ)

    ಚ3. ರಾಜಸ ತಾಮಸ ಗುಣಮುಲು ಕಾರಾದು ಅದಿಗಾಕನು
    ಅವ್ಯಾಜಮುನನು ರಾಲೇದನ ಕಾರಾದು
    ರಾಜ ಯೋಗ ಮಾರ್ಗಮು ನೀ ಚಿತ್ತಮು
    ರಾ ಜೂಚುಟ ವಿಡವಗ ರಾದು
    ರಾಜ ಶಿಖಾ ಮಣಿಯೈನ
    ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜ ಸಖುನಿ ಮರವ ರಾದನೇ ಹರಿ (ಭ)



    Malayalam

    പ. ഭക്തുനി ചാരിത്രമു വിനവേ
    മനസാ സീതാ രാമ (ഭ)

    അ. (ആ)സക്തി ലേക താ കോരുചു
    ജീവന്മുക്തുഡൈയാനന്ദമുനൊന്ദു (ഭ)

    ച1. ജപ തപമുല താ ജേസിതിനന രാദു അദിഗാക മരി
    കപടാത്മുഡു മനമൈ പല്ക രാദു
    ഉപമ തനകു ലേകയുണ്ഡവലെനനി-
    യൂരയൂര തിരുഗഗ രാദു
    ചപല ചിത്തുഡൈയാലു സുതുലപൈ
    സാരെകു ഭ്രമ കാരാദനേ ഹരി (ഭ)

    ച2. ഭവ വിഭവമു നിജമനിയെഞ്ചഗ രാദു അദിഗാക മരി
    ശിവ മാധവ ഭേദമു ജേയഗ രാദു
    ഭുവനമന്ദു താനേ യോഗ്യുഡനനി ബൊങ്കി
    പൊട്ട സാകഗ രാദു
    പവനാത്മജ ധൃതമൌ സീതാ പതി
    പാദമുലനുയേമര രാദനു ഹരി (ഭ)

    ച3. രാജസ താമസ ഗുണമുലു കാരാദു അദിഗാകനു
    അവ്യാജമുനനു രാലേദന കാരാദു
    രാജ യോഗ മാര്ഗമു നീ ചിത്തമു
    രാ ജൂചുട വിഡവഗ രാദു
    രാജ ശിഖാ മണിയൈന
    ത്യാഗരാജ സഖുനി മരവ രാദനേ ഹരി (ഭ)



    Updated on 17 Jan 2010

    2 comments:

    Govindaswamy said...

    Dear Govindan

    I am having a doubt regarding second line of caraNam 2. The full song is referring to a devotee in singular. Should it not be 'kapaT(A)tmuDu tAnai' ? I do not know if this will be grammatically and musically correct.

    V Govindan said...

    Dear Sri Govindaswami,
    The most significant aspect of compositions of SrI tyAgarAja is that most of them are just colloquial in nature, while other composers would not venture into that form of poetry. In my opinion, in colloquial usage, both 'manamai' or 'tAnai' are not very different, because the kRti is addressed to his mind as a second person. In such a case, both the subject (1st person) and addressee (2nd person) are not entirely different. In any case, if there had been any such variation, I would have surely mentioned.

    With regards,
    V Govindan