Wednesday, December 19, 2007

Thyagaraja Kriti - O Jagannaatha - Raga Kedaara Gaula - Prahlaada Bhakti Vijayam

Transliteration–Telugu _______________________________________________________
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

O jagannAthA-kEdAaragauLa

In the kRti ‘O jagannAthA’ – rAga kEdAragauLa, SrI tyAgarAja depicts how prahlAda asks Lord to have mercy on him.

P O 1jagan-nAthA(y)ani nE pilicitE
2O(y)ani rA rAdA

A rAjIva nayana rAk(E)ndu vadana
rAjillu sItA ramaNi hRt-sadana (O)

C1 idi vELa kAdu(y)ika tALa pOdu
madini nIvE kAni mari gati lEdu (O)

C2 irav(o)nda rAka(y)inka parAkA
dora nIvE(y)anit(O)pika gAka (O)

C3 lAlincu rAja ravi kOTi tEja
lIl(A)vatAra pAlita tyAgarAja (O)

Gist
O Lotus Eyed! O Full-moon Faced! O Lord abiding in the heart of radiant and beautiful sItA!
O Excellent One! O Lord with radiance of a crore Suns! O Lord who has embodied sportingly! O Lord who nourishes tyAgarAja!

Having lost patience, when I call You ‘O Lord of the Universe’, can’t You come responding ‘O’?

This is not the appropriate moment (to delay Your grace); it is not possible to tolerate any longer.

To my mind, but for You, there is no other refuge.

Why do You still have unconcern without surely coming here?

I called You alone as my Lord.

Please soothe me.

Word-by-word Meaning

P When I (nE) call (pilicitE) You as (ani) ‘O Lord (nathA) of the Universe’ (jagat) (jagannAthAyani), can’t (rAdA) You come (rA) responding (ani) (literally saying) ‘O’ (Oyani)?

A O Lotus (rAjIva) Eyed (nayana)! O Full-moon (rAkA indu) (rAkEndu) Faced (vadana)!
O Lord abiding (sadana) in the heart (hRt) (hRt-sadana) of radiant (rAjillu) and beautiful (ramaNi) sItA!
When I call You as ‘O Lord of the Universe’, can’t You come responding ‘O’?

C1 This (idi) is not (kAdu) the appropriate moment (vELa) (to delay Your grace); it is not possible (pOdu) to tolerate (tALa) any longer (ika) (kAduyika);
To my mind (madini), but for (kAni) You (nIvE), there is no (lEdu) other (mari) refuge (gati) for me;
When I call You as ‘O Lord of the Universe’, why won’t You come responding ‘O’?

C2 Why do You still (inka) have unconcern (parAkA) without surely (iravu onda) (iravonda) coming (rAka) (rAkayinka) here?
I called (aniti) (literally said) You alone (nIvE) as my Lord (dora);
Having lost patience (Opika gAka) (nIvEyanitOpika) (literally without patience), when I call You as ‘O Lord of the Universe’, can’t You come responding ‘O’?

C3 O Excellent One (rAja)! Please soothe (lAlincu) me; O Lord with radiance (tEja) of a crore (kOTi) Suns (ravi)!
O Lord who has embodied (avatAra) sportingly (lIlA) (lIlAvatAra)! O Lord who nourishes (pAlita) tyAgarAja!
When I call You as ‘O Lord of the Universe’, can’t You come responding ‘O’?

Notes –
Variations –
1 – jagannAthA – jagannAtha.
Comments -
2 – Oyani – Voice in response to a call.

This kRti forms part of dance-drama 'prahlAda bhakti vijayaM'. In this kRti, SrI tyAgarAja depicts how prahlAda pleads with the Lord.


Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. ओ जगन्नाथा(य)नि ने पिलिचिते
ऒ(य)नि रा रादा

अ. राजीव नयन रा(के)न्दु वदन
राजिल्लु सीता रमणि हृत्सदन (ओ)

च1. इदि वेळ कादु(यि)क ताळ पोदु
मदिनि नीवे कानि मरि गति लेदु (ओ)

च2. इर(वॊ)न्द राक(यिं)क पराका
दॊर नीवे(य)नि(तो)पिक गाक (ओ)

च3. लालिञ्चु राज रवि कोटि तेज
ली(ला)वतार पालित त्यागराज (ओ)

Tamil

க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. ஓ ஜக3ன்னாதா2(ய)னி நே பிலிசிதே
ஒ(ய)னி ரா ராதா3

அ. ராஜீவ நயன ரா(கே)ந்து3 வத3ன
ராஜில்லு ஸீதா ரமணி ஹ்ரு2த்-ஸத3ன (ஓ)

ச1. இதி3 வேள காது3(யி)க தாள போது3
மதி3னி நீவே கானி மரி க3தி லேது3 (ஓ)

ச2. இர(வொ)ந்த3 ராக(யி)ங்க பராகா
தொ3ர நீவே(ய)னி(தோ)பிக கா3க (ஓ)

ச3. லாலிஞ்சு ராஜ ரவி கோடி தேஜ
லீ(லா)வதார பாலித த்யாக3ராஜ (ஓ)

'ஓ உலக நாயகா' என நானழைத்தால்
'ஓ'யென வரலாகாதா?

கமலக் கண்ணா! முழுமதி வதனத்தோனே!
ஒளிரும் சீதா ரமணியின் உள்ளத்துறையே!
'ஓ உலக நாயகா' என நானழைத்தால்
'ஓ'யென வரலாகாதா?

1. இது வேளையன்று; இனியும் தாளவியலாது;
உள்ளத்தினில் நீயேயன்றி, வேறு புகலில்லை;
'ஓ உலக நாயகா' என நானழைத்தால்
'ஓ'யென வரலாகாதா?

2. திண்ணமாக வாராது, இன்னும் அசட்டையோ?
தலைவன் நீயேயென்றேன்; பொறுமையிழந்து,
'ஓ உலக நாயகா' என நானழைத்தால்
'ஓ'யென வரலாகாதா?

3. தேற்றுவாய், மேலோனே! கோடி பரிதிகள் ஒளியோனே!
திருவிளையாடலாய் அவதரித்தவனே!
தியாகராசனைப் பேணுவோனே!
'ஓ உலக நாயகா' என நானழைத்தால்
'ஓ'யென வரலாகாதா?

Telugu

ప. ఓ జగన్నాథాయని నే పిలిచితే
ఒయని రా రాదా

అ. రాజీవ నయన రాకేందు వదన
రాజిల్లు సీతా రమణి హృత్సదన (ఓ)

చ1. ఇది వేళ కాదుయిక తాళ పోదు
మదిని నీవే కాని మరి గతి లేదు (ఓ)

చ2. ఇరవొంద రాకయింక పరాకా
దొర నీవేయనితోపిక గాక (ఓ)

చ3. లాలించు రాజ రవి కోటి తేజ
లీలావతార పాలిత త్యాగరాజ (ఓ)

Kannada

ಪ. ಓ ಜಗನ್ನಾಥಾಯನಿ ನೇ ಪಿಲಿಚಿತೇ
ಒಯನಿ ರಾ ರಾದಾ

ಅ. ರಾಜೀವ ನಯನ ರಾಕೇಂದು ವದನ
ರಾಜಿಲ್ಲು ಸೀತಾ ರಮಣಿ ಹೃತ್ಸದನ (ಓ)

ಚ1. ಇದಿ ವೇಳ ಕಾದುಯಿಕ ತಾಳ ಪೋದು
ಮದಿನಿ ನೀವೇ ಕಾನಿ ಮರಿ ಗತಿ ಲೇದು (ಓ)

ಚ2. ಇರವೊಂದ ರಾಕಯಿಂಕ ಪರಾಕಾ
ದೊರ ನೀವೇಯನಿತೋಪಿಕ ಗಾಕ (ಓ)

ಚ3. ಲಾಲಿಂಚು ರಾಜ ರವಿ ಕೋಟಿ ತೇಜ
ಲೀಲಾವತಾರ ಪಾಲಿತ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜ (ಓ)

Malayalam

പ. ഓ ജഗന്നാഥായനി നേ പിലിചിതേ
ഒയനി രാ രാദാ

അ. രാജീവ നയന രാകേന്ദു വദന
രാജില്ലു സീതാ രമണി ഹൃത്സദന (ഓ)

ച1. ഇദി വേള കാദുയിക താള പോദു
മദിനി നീവേ കാനി മരി ഗതി ലേദു (ഓ)

ച2. ഇരവൊന്ദ രാകയിങ്ക പരാകാ
ദൊര നീവേയനിതോപിക ഗാക (ഓ)

ച3. ലാലിഞ്ചു രാജ രവി കോടി തേജ
ലീലാവതാര പാലിത ത്യാഗരാജ (ഓ)

Updated on 21 May 2009

5 comments:

Anonymous said...

Re: O jagannAtha
C2- dora nIvEyanitOpika gAka : You have split up the words as ‘aniti + Opika’ The meaning given in TTD book is as “ without You Yourself realising that You are the Lord. Is there a word ‘tOpika’ carrying sucn meaning?
Regards
Govindaswamy

V Govindan said...

Dear Sri Govindaswamy,
On a second reading, I think 'Opika gAka' should be joined to the pallavi. I have amended the English and Tamil versions accordingly.
I regret to say that there seems to be no word 'tOpika' in telugu.
Regards,
V Govindan

Raghavan said...

Namaskara,
Here you have translated Iravonda as 'without surely'. But in tera tIyaga, iravondaga is translated as nicely. Why is this discrepancy present?

Regards,
Raghavan

V Govindan said...

Shri Raghavan,
I have checked both kRtis. The meaning of telugu word 'iravu+ondu' (iravondu) is - as per Telugu Dictionary - 'to become firm', 'to be fixed'.

I agree that in one kRti, I have translated as 'surely' and in another place as 'nicely'. This has been done in keeping with the context. In the 'tera tIyaga rAdA', it is about 'eating'; in 'jagannAthayani', it is about 'coming'. In both places, I could have translated as 'firmly'. But, in keeping with the language flow, I translated as 'surely (coming)' and 'nicely (eating)'. You can substitute it as 'firmly' in both places without much change in the meaning. But the flow of language will not be so nice.

Some such liberties are to be taken while making translations into other languages. We cannot translate the literal version, but the spirit.
With best wishes,
V Govindan.

Telugu Dictionary -

https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/brown_query.py?qs=iravu&matchtype=default

Raghavan said...

Arya,
I understand that different kritis have different contexts attached, but iravonda means 'firmly' or 'definitely' in a positive sense. In your translation of C2, 'iravonda' has been translated as 'without surely' (negative sense) and 'rAka' as coming. I feel that it needs to be swapped since 'rAka' is to not come. So it should be translated as 'surely/definitely not coming' and not as 'without surely coming'. Sorry to nitpick on your wonderful and divine service. I just felt that it needs a tiny correction. And may your service increase!

By the way, have you considered also translating Oothukkadu Venkata Kavi's kritis? The online repositories do not contain meaning and translations.

Raghavan