Saturday, October 25, 2008

Thyagaraja Kriti - Pariyaachakama - Raga Vanaspati

Transliteration–Telugu
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

pariyAcakamA-vanaspati

In the kRti ‘pariyAcakamA mATa’ – rAga vanaspati (tALa rUpakaM), SrI tyAgarAja asks Lord whether He considers his pleadings to be not serious.

pallavi
1pariyAcakamA 2mATa padi-gurilO pogaDinadi


anupallavi
3verapuna(n)anumAnambuna vesanambuna nE kOri
SaraN(A)gata rakshaka ninnu santatamunu SaraN(a)naga (pari)


caraNam
oka munikai 4draupadi dvAraka nilayA SaraN(a)naga
oka mATaku 5vibhIshaNuDu Orva lEka SaraN(a)naga
sakal(E)Svara 6prahlAduDu jAlicE SaraN(a)naga
hita-karuNDai brOcitivE tyAgarAjuni mATa (pari)


Gist

O Protector of those who seek Your refuge! O Lord of all!

  • Are my words funny?
  • Is my extolling You in public funny?

  • Out of fear, out of doubt and out of grief, always seeking You, if I say ‘give me refuge’, are my words funny?

    • When draupadi, (out of fear) for sage durvAsa, said ‘give me refuge, O resident of dvAraka!’,
    • when vibhIshaNa, unable to tolerate a harsh word of his elder brother rAvaNa, said ‘give me refuge’, and
    • when prahlAda, out of grief, said ‘give me refuge’

  • didn’t You protect them showing benevolence?

  • On the other hand, are the words of this tyAgarAja funny?



Word-by-word Meaning

pallavi
pariyAcakamA mATa padi-gurilO pogaDinadi

Are my words (mATa) funny (pariyAcakamA)? Is my extolling (pogaDinadi) You in public (padi-gurilO) (literally among ten people) funny (pariyAcakamA)?


anupallavi
verapuna anumAnambuna vesanambuna nE kOri
SaraNu-Agata rakshaka ninnu santatamunu SaraNu-anaga (pari)

O Protector (rakshaka) of those who seek (Agata) Your refuge (SaraNu) (SaraNAgata)!
Out of fear (verapuna), out of doubt (anumAnambuna) (verapunananumAnambuna) and out of grief (vesanambuna),
always (santatamunu) seeking (kOri) You (ninnu), if I (nE) say (anuga) ‘give me refuge (SaraNu) (SaraNanaga)’,
are my words funny?


caraNam
oka munikai draupadi dvAraka nilayA SaraNu-anaga
oka mATaku vibhIshaNuDu Orva lEka SaraNu-anaga
sakala-ISvara prahlAduDu jAlicE SaraNu-anaga
hita-karuNDai brOcitivE tyAgarAjuni mATa (pari)

O Lord (ISvara) of all (sakala) (sakalESvara)!
When draupadi, (out of fear) for sage (munikai) durvAsa, said (anaga) ‘give me refuge (SaraNu) (SaraNanaga), O resident (nilayA) of dvAraka!’,
when vibhIshaNa (vibhIshaNuDu) unable to tolerate (Orva lEka) a (oka) harsh word (mATaku) of his elder brother rAvaNa, said (anaga) ‘give me refuge (SaraNu) (SaraNanaga)’, and
when prahlAda (prahlAduDu), out of grief (jAlicE), said (anaga) ‘give me refuge (SaraNu) (SaraNanaga)’
didn’t You protect (brOcitivE) them showing benevolence (hita-karuNDai)?
On the other hand, are the words (mATa) of this tyAgarAja (tyAgarAjuni) funny?


Notes –
Variations -
1 - pariyAcakamA – parihAsakamA : The words ‘pariyAcakam’ and ‘parihAsam’ means same, ie., ‘fun’ or ‘joke’; however, ‘parihAsakam’ is not a correct usage. Therefore, ‘pariyAcakam’ seems to be the correct word and accordingly it has been adopted.

References
4 - draupadi – The episode occurs in mahAbharata – Book 3 – vana parva - draupadi haraNa parva – (Section CCLXI).

5 - vibhIshaNuDu – The episode where rAvaNa uses harsh words against vibhIshaNa occurs in SrImad vAlmIki rAmayaNa – yuddha kANDa – Chapter 16.

6 - prahlAduDu – The prahlAda episode occurs in SrImad bhAgavataM – Book 7 – Chapters 4 to 8.

Comments -
2 – mATa – this refers to the statement made in anupallavi.

3 – verapuna – anumAnambuna – vesanambuna (out of fear, out of doubt/suspicion, out of grief) – these correspond to what is stated in caraNa – out of fear for sage durvAsa - draupadi; out of doubt/suspicion about the intentions of rAvaNa - vibhIshaNa; and out of grief because of torture by his father hiraNya kaSipu - prahlAda.



Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. परियाचकमा माट पदि-गुरिलो पॊगडिनदि

अ. वॆरपुन(न)नुमानम्बुन वॆसनम्बुन ने कोरि
शर(णा)गत रक्षक निनु सन्ततमुनु शर(ण)नग (प)

च. ऒक मुनिकै द्रौपदि द्वारक निलया शर(ण)नग
ऒक माटकु विभीषणुडु ओर्व लेक शर(ण)नग
सक(ले)श्वर प्रह्लादुडु जालिचे शर(ण)नग
हित-करुण्डै ब्रोचितिवे त्यागराजुनि माट (प)


Tamil


க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. பரியாசகமா மாட பதி3-கு3ரிலோ பொக3டி3னதி3

அ. வெரபுன(ன)னுமானம்பு3ன வெஸனம்பு3ன நே கோரி
ஸ1ர(ணா)க3த ரக்ஷக நினு ஸந்ததமுனு ஸ1ர(ண)னக3 (ப)

ச. ஒக முனிகை த்3ரௌபதி3 த்3வாரக நிலயா ஸ1ர(ண)னக3
ஒக மாடகு விபீ4ஷணுடு3 ஓர்வ லேக ஸ1ர(ண)னக3
ஸக(லே)ஸ்1வர ப்ரஹ்லாது3டு3 ஜாலிசே ஸ1ர(ண)னக3
ஹித-கருண்டை3 ப்3ரோசிதிவே த்யாக3ராஜுனி மாட (ப)

கேலியா (எனது) சொல், பலர் நடுவில் (உன்னைப்) புகழ்ந்தது?

அச்சத்தினாலும், ஐயத்தினாலும், துயரத்தினாலும் நான் விழைந்து,
சரணடைந்தோரைக் காப்போனே! உன்னை எவ்வமயமும் 'சரணம்' என,
கேலியா (எனது) சொல், பலர் நடுவில் (உன்னைப்) புகழ்ந்தது?

ஓரு முனிவனுக்காக, துரோபதை, 'துவாரகை நிலையா! சரணம்' என,
ஒரு சொல்லுக்கு விபீடணன் பொறுக்கவியலாது, 'சரணம்' என,
யாவர்க்கும் இறைவா! பிரகலாதன், துயரத்தினால், 'சரணம்' என,
வேண்டியவனாகிக் காத்தாயன்றோ? தியாகராசனின் சொல் (மட்டும்)
கேலியா? பலர் நடுவில் (உன்னைப்) புகழ்ந்தது?

முனிவன் - துர்வாச முனி
ஒரு சொல் - தன் தமையன் இராவணனின் கொடிய சொல்


Telugu

ప. పరియాచకమా మాట పది-గురిలో పొగడినది

అ. వెరపునననుమానంబున వెసనంబున నే కోరి
శరణాగత రక్షక నిను సంతతమును శరణనగ (ప)

చ. ఒక మునికై ద్రౌపది ద్వారక నిలయా శరణనగ
ఒక మాటకు విభీషణుడు ఓర్వ లేక శరణనగ
సకలేశ్వర ప్రహ్లాదుడు జాలిచే శరణనగ
హిత-కరుండై బ్రోచితివే త్యాగరాజుని మాట (ప)


Kannada

ಪ. ಪರಿಯಾಚಕಮಾ ಮಾಟ ಪದಿ-ಗುರಿಲೋ ಪೊಗಡಿನದಿ

ಅ. ವೆರಪುನನನುಮಾನಂಬುನ ವೆಸನಂಬುನ ನೇ ಕೋರಿ
ಶರಣಾಗತ ರಕ್ಷಕ ನಿನು ಸಂತತಮುನು ಶರಣನಗ (ಪ)

ಚ. ಒಕ ಮುನಿಕೈ ದ್ರೌಪದಿ ದ್ವಾರಕ ನಿಲಯಾ ಶರಣನಗ
ಒಕ ಮಾಟಕು ವಿಭೀಷಣುಡು ಓರ್ವ ಲೇಕ ಶರಣನಗ
ಸಕಲೇಶ್ವರ ಪ್ರಹ್ಲಾದುಡು ಜಾಲಿಚೇ ಶರಣನಗ
ಹಿತ-ಕರುಂಡೈ ಬ್ರೋಚಿತಿವೇ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜುನಿ ಮಾಟ (ಪ)


Malayalam


പ. പരിയാചകമാ മാട പദി-ഗുരിലോ പൊഗഡിനദി

അ. വെരപുനനനുമാനമ്ബുന വെസനമ്ബുന നേ കോരി
ശരണാഗത രക്ഷക നിനു സന്തതമുനു ശരണനഗ (പ)

ച. ഒക മുനികൈ ദ്രൌപദി ദ്വാരക നിലയാ ശരണനഗ
ഒക മാടകു വിഭീഷണുഡു ഓര്വ ലേക ശരണനഗ
സകലേശ്വര പ്രഹ്ലാദുഡു ജാലിചേ ശരണനഗ
ഹിത-കരുണ്ഡൈ ബ്രോചിതിവേ ത്യാഗരാജുനി മാട (പ)


Updated on 16 Jul 2010

2 comments:

Anonymous said...

Dear Sri Govindan
Earlier I pointed out to you that in the book by K.V.Srinivasa Iyengar it is given that ‘anumAnambuna’ in anupallavi is wrong. You questioned why it is so. I had not mentioned that in the above book  the text is given as “verupuna navamAnambuna”. 
AvamAnamu is applicable to Draupadi as she had no food to offer to durvAsa and his retinue.
You have explained that anumAnamun is applicable to vibhIshaNa. Does this not apply more to sugrIva who doubted rAmA’s prowess?
 
If tyAgarAja had anumAnamu does it not mean he did not have full faith. On the other hand why does he feel avamAnamu according to K.V.Srinivasa Iyengar.
Regards
Govindaswamy

V Govindan said...

Dear Sri Govindaswamy,
Re 'avamAnambuna' - this is not given in any of the books. Therefore, there is no way I can substitute 'anumAnambuna' with 'avamAnambuna'.

We may argue whether the three words 'verapuna', 'anumAnambuna' and 'vesanambuna' would be applicable to whom and whom not. However, as is generally the case with kRtis of Sri tyAgarAja, he explains in caraNam his cryptic remarks contained in anupallavi. Therefore, the three statements in caraNam have been taken by me as explanation of the words given in anupallavi in that order.
I may not be in a position to answer your query why it should be this way and not the other way. Because I have no way of reading into the mind of Sri tyAgarAja, such queries will remain unanswerable.

Regards,
V Govindan