Tuesday, September 02, 2008

Thyagaraja Kriti - Nata Jana - Raga Simhendra Madhyamam

Transliteration–Telugu
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

nata jana-simhEndramadhyamaM

In the kRti ‘nata jana paripAla’ – rAga simhEndramadhyamaM (tALa rUpakaM), SrI tyAgarAja says that Lord fated to Himself many ordeals in order to protect sages and virtuous people who were terrorized by rAvaNa.

pallavi
nata jana paripAla ghana 1nannu brOvavE


anupallavi
2Sruti moral(i)Da lEdA 3bhU-sUtra dhAri nIvE kadA (nata)


caraNam
4jita manOrathulaku mauna yatula 5tapO niyatulakai
hitamu sEya tanak(6a)hitapu vrAtalanu jendina
Srita padambu jIvan(A)mRta phalambu nIv(a)ni nA
7hitamu 8pUja viDanADina 9ataDE tyAgarAja nuta (nata)


Gist

O Great Protector of those who supplicate!

  • Please protect me.

  • Are You not the puppeteer of this World?
  • Haven’t the vEdAs declared so?

  • You dispensed for Yourself unfavourable fate in order to do good for -
    • those who have overcome their wishes,
    • those silent sages, and
    • those restrained ascetics;

  • Your feet are sought for by those dependent on You;
  • You are the end result called the nectar of Life;
  • You are indeed the Lord, praised by this tyAgarAja.

  • Realising this, I abandoned even my pleasurable (ritualistic) worship.



Word-by-word Meaning

pallavi
nata jana paripAla ghana nannu brOvavE

O Great (ghana) Protector (paripAla) of those (jana) who supplicate (nata)! Please protect (brOvavE) me (nannu).


anupallavi
Sruti moralu-iDa lEdA bhU-sUtra dhAri nIvE kadA (nata)

Are You (nIvE) not (kadA) the puppeteer (sUtra dhAri) of this World (bhU)? Haven’t (lEdA) the vEdAs (Sruti) declared (moralu iDu) (moraliDa) so?
O Great Protector of those who supplicate! Please protect me.


caraNam
jita manOrathulaku mauna yatula tapO niyatulakai
hitamu sEya tanaku-ahitapu vrAtalanu jendina
Srita padambu jIvana-amRta phalambu nIvu-ani nA
hitamu pUja viDanADina ataDE tyAgarAja nuta (nata)

Realising that (ani) You (nIvu) (nIvani) are indeed the Lord (ataDE) (literally He), praised (nuta) by this tyAgarAja,
who dispensed (jendina) (literally got) for Himself (tanaku) unfavourable (ahitapu) (tanakahitapu) fate (vrAtalanu) (literally writing) in order to do (sEya) good (hitamu) for -
those who have overcome (jita) their wishes (manOratha) (manOrathulaku),
those silent (mauna) sages (yatula), and
those restrained (niyatulu) (niyatulakai) ascetics (tapO),
whose feet (padambu) are sought for by those dependent (Srita) on You and,
who is the end result (phalambu) called the nectar (amRta) of Life (jIvana) (jIvanAmRta),
I abandoned (viDanADina) even my (nA) pleasurable (hitamu) (ritualistic) worship (pUja);
O Great Protector of those who supplicate! Please protect me.


Notes –
Variations -
1 – nannu brOvu – nannu brOvu mA.

3 – bhU-sUtradhAri – sUtradhAri.

Comments -
2 – Sruti moraliDa lEdA – this does not seem to be appropriate usage.

3 – bhU-sUtradhAri – This does not seem to be appropriate usage.

4 – jita manOratha – This does not seem to be appropriate usage.

5 – tapO niyatula – This does not seem to be appropriate usage.

6 - ahitapu vrAtalanu jendina – ‘vrAtalanu jendina’ does not seem to be appropriate usage.

7 – hitamu pUja – this form of the word ‘hitamu’ does not seem to be appropriate. It should be ‘hitapu’.

8 – pUja viDanADina – This is how it is given in the books. However, in the books the meaning derived is ‘who did not abandon the worship’. As, the word ‘viDanADu’ means ‘abandon’, the meaning taken in these books is quite opposite. Therefore, ‘viDanADina’ is not appropriate.
However, if the purport of the kRti is that SrI tyAgarAja has abandoned even daily ritualistic worship in favour chanting of names uniterruptedly, then ‘viDanADina’ may be correct.

9 - ataDE - the kRti is in second person; however, the word 'ataDE' is in third person. This is a contradiction. This word does not at all fit into caraNam; neither it can be joined to pallavi.

In one book, this kRti is listed in the category of ‘doubtful kRtis’, which means it is doubtful whether this kRti was indeed composed by SrI tyAgarAja.

There is every reason to believe that this kRti might not have been composed by SrI tyAgarAja.



Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. नत जन परिपाल घन नन्नु ब्रोववे

अ. श्रुति मॊर(लि)ड लेदा भू-सूत्र धारि नीवे कदा (न)

च. जित मनोरथुलकु मौन यतुल तपो नियतुलकै
हितमु सेय तन(क)हितपु व्रातलनु जॆन्दिन
श्रित पदम्बु जीव(ना)मृत फलम्बु नी(व)नि ना
हितमु पूज विडनाडिन अतडे त्यागराज नुत (न)


Tamil


க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. நத ஜன பரிபால க4ன நன்னு ப்3ரோவவே

அ. ஸ்1ருதி மொர(லி)ட3 லேதா3 பூ4-ஸூத்ர தா4ரி நீவே கதா3 (ந)

ச. ஜித மனோரது2லகு மௌன யதுல தபோ நியதுலகை
ஹிதமு ஸேய தன(க)ஹிதபு வ்ராதலனு ஜெந்தி3ன
ஸ்1ரித பத3ம்பு3 ஜீவ(னா)ம்ரு2த ப2லம்பு3 நீ(வ)னி நா
ஹிதமு பூஜ விட3னாடி3ன அதடே3 த்யாக3ராஜ நுத (ந)

பணிந்தோரைப் பேணும் பெருந்தகையே! என்னைக் காப்பாயய்யா

மறைகள் முறையிடவில்லையா? உலகப் பாவைக்கூத்தன் நீயேயன்றோ?
பணிந்தோரைப் பேணும் பெருந்தகையே! என்னைக் காப்பாயய்யா

இச்சை வென்றோருக்கும், மௌன இருடிகள், தவமியற்றுவோருக்காகவும்
நன்மை செய்ய, தனக்குத் துயரத் தலையெழுத்தினை அடைந்த,
சார்ந்தோரின் திருவடியும், வாழ்க்கை அமிழ்தப் பயனும் நீயென, எனது
இனிய வழிபாட்டினையும் கைவிட்ட, அவனே, தியாகராசன் போற்றும்
பணிந்தோரைப் பேணும் பெருந்தகை; என்னைக் காப்பாயய்யா


Telugu

ప. నత జన పరిపాల ఘన నన్ను బ్రోవవే

అ. శ్రుతి మొరలిడ లేదా భూ-సూత్ర ధారి నీవే కదా (న)

చ. జిత మనోరథులకు మౌన యతుల తపో నియతులకై
హితము సేయ తనకహితపు వ్రాతలను జెందిన
శ్రిత పదంబు జీవనామృత ఫలంబు నీవని నా
హితము పూజ విడనాడిన అతడే త్యాగరాజ నుత (న)



Kannada

ಪ. ನತ ಜನ ಪರಿಪಾಲ ಘನ ನನ್ನು ಬ್ರೋವವೇ

ಅ. ಶ್ರುತಿ ಮೊರಲಿಡ ಲೇದಾ ಭೂ-ಸೂತ್ರ ಧಾರಿ ನೀವೇ ಕದಾ (ನ)

ಚ. ಜಿತ ಮನೋರಥುಲಕು ಮೌನ ಯತುಲ ತಪೋ ನಿಯತುಲಕೈ
ಹಿತಮು ಸೇಯ ತನಕಹಿತಪು ವ್ರಾತಲನು ಜೆಂದಿನ
ಶ್ರಿತ ಪದಂಬು ಜೀವನಾಮೃತ ಫಲಂಬು ನೀವನಿ ನಾ
ಹಿತಮು ಪೂಜ ವಿಡನಾಡಿನ ಅತಡೇ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜ ನುತ (ನ)



Malayalam


പ. നത ജന പരിപാല ഘന നന്നു ബ്രോവവേ

അ. ശ്രുതി മൊരലിഡ ലേദാ ഭൂ-സൂത്ര ധാരി നീവേ കദാ (ന)

ച. ജിത മനോരഥുലകു മൌന യതുല തപോ നിയതുലകൈ
ഹിതമു സേയ തനകഹിതപു വ്രാതലനു ജെന്ദിന
ശ്രിത പദമ്ബു ജീവനാമൃത ഫലമ്ബു നീവനി നാ
ഹിതമു പൂജ വിഡനാഡിന അതഡേ ത്യാഗരാജ നുത (ന)



Updated on 04 May 2010

2 comments:

Govindaswamy said...

Dear Sri Govindan
You have pointed out that there are a number of inappropriate usages in this kriti.
CaraNam is confusing.
jita manOrathulaku- should this not be ‘manOratha jitulaku’
nIvani is in second peron whereas ataDe is in third person.
nA hitamu pUja viDanADina- The meaning given by you is “I abandoned (viDanADina) even my (nA) pleasurable (hitamu) (ritualistic) worship (pUja);” .
If tyAgarAja abandoned his worship wahat was the logic. viDanADinA(nu) may mean a first person past tense verb. To me viDanADina sounds like adverb meaning what was given up/one who has given up (கைவிட்ட).
In TTD gook this is given as ‘viDanADani ataDE tyAgarAja nutuDu’.
This book also mentions about inappropriate usage of words which are not up to the standard of tyAgarAjA.
Regards
Govindaswamy

V Govindan said...

Dear Sri Govindaswamy,
I am very positive that this kRti is not composed by Sri Tyagaraja. In deference to tradition, I have given all the kRtis listed in the book of SrI TK Govinda Rao which is most exhaustive of all books.

There is no meaning in arguing about the words of those who did not feel ashamed to use mudra of tyAgarAja for their own kRtis.

Regards,
V Govindan