Tuesday, August 26, 2008

Thyagaraja Kriti - Kalala Nerchina - Raga Deepakam

Transliteration–Telugu
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

kaLala nErcinA-dIpakaM

In the kRti ‘kaLala nErcinA’ – rAga dIpakaM (tALa Adi), SrI tyAgarAja states that man’s efforts do not always pay in the face of destiny, the ways of which is inscrutable.

pallavi
kaLala 1nErcinA munu jEsinadi
gAka(y)Emi 2aravai nAlugu (kaLala)


anupallavi
kalimi lEmulaku kAraNambu nIvE
karuNa jUdavE 3kaDupu korakE (kaLala)


caraNam
kOri 4nUvula koNDa tIsi 5singari muni
kUrmi bhujincenA 6vairi tammuDu
sAramaina rangani(y)illu jErcenA
sarasa tyAgarAja vinuta brOvavE (kaLala)


Gist

O Sweet Lord, praised by this tyAgarAja!

  • For the sake of livelihood, even if one learnt all the sixty four (fine) arts, what else (can happen) other than (the result of) what one did in the past?
  • You are the cause for riches and penury.

    • Could sage singari, having sought and obtained a mountain (or sweet-ball) of sesame seeds, eat it happily?
    • Could vibhIshaNa reach home the excellent Lord SrI ranganAtha?


  • Please show mercy.
  • Please protect me.



Word-by-word Meaning

pallavi
kaLala nErcinA munu jEsinadi
gAka-Emi aravai nAlugu (kaLala)

Even if one learnt (nErcinA) all the sixty four (aravai nAlugu) (fine) arts (kaLalu), what (Emi) else (gAka) (gAkayEmi) (can happen) other than (the result of) what one did (jEsinadi) in the past (munu)?


anupallavi
kalimi lEmulaku kAraNambu nIvE
karuNa jUdavE kaDupu korakE (kaLala)

You are (nIvE) the cause (kAraNambu) for riches (kalimi) and penury (lEmulaku); please show (jUDavE) mercy (karuNa).
For the sake of livelihood (kaDupu korakE) (literally stomach) even if one learnt all the sixty four (fine) arts, what else (can happen) other than (the result of) what one did in the past?


caraNam
kOri nUvula koNDa tIsi singari muni
kUrmi bhujincenA vairi tammuDu
sAramaina rangani-illu jErcenA
sarasa tyAgarAja vinuta brOvavE (kaLala)

Could sage (muni) singari, having sought (kOri) and obtained (tIsi) a mountain (koNDa) (or sweet-ball) of sesame seeds (nUvula), eat (bhujincenA) it happily (kUrmi)?
Could vibhIshaNa – younger brother (tammuDu) of rAvaNa – Your enemy (vairi) - reach (jErcenA) home (illu) the excellent (sAramaina) Lord SrI ranganAtha (rangani) (ranganiyillu)?
O Sweet (sarasa) Lord praised (vinuta) by this tyAgarAja! please protect (brOvavE) me.
Even if one learnt all the sixty four (fine) arts, what else (can happen) other than (the result of) what one did in the past?


Notes –
Variations -
1 – nErcinA – It is given as ‘nErcina’ in all the books. In the present context, the ending vowel should be elongated to give appropriate meaning (even if).
3 - kaDupu korakE – kaDupu korakai - kaDupu kOsamai’.

4 – nUvula – nUla. ‘nUla’ may be the colloquial version of ‘nUvula’.

5 – singari muni – singAri muni.

References -
2 - aravai nAlugu kaLala – 64 Fine Arts – one of the names of Mother lalitA tripura sundari is ‘catuH-shashTi kalA-mayI’ (236) (One Who is of the form of 64 Arts).

6 – vairi tammuDu - vibhIshaNa - according to sthala purANa of SrI rangaM – The Deity of ranganAtha was first worshipped by Lord brahmA, then later given to maharAja ikshvAku of the raghu Dynasty, who brought the Deity to his capital of ayOdhya. Later, the Deity was worshipped by Lord rAma. When vibhIshaNa visited ayOdhya, he requested rAma to give him the Deity so that he could worship Him at his capital in lanka. rAma agreed provided vibhIshaNa did not place the Deity on the ground on his return journey to lanka – if he did so, the Deity would stay in that very spot. Somehow or other, vibhIshaNa placed Lord ranganAtha down at (what is now) SrI rangaM and that is where He has stayed ever since. However, unlike most Deities who face East, ranganAtha faces south towards lanka to bless vibhIshaNa and his kingdom. It is said that vibhIshaNa returns every 12 years to perform worship of Lord ranganAtha.

The following verse in vAlmIki rAmAyaNa, uttara kANDa, Chapter 108 gives a clue to this episode –

kiMcAnyad vaktum-icchAmi rAkshasEndra mahA-bala
ArAdhaya jagan-nAthaM ikshvAku kula-daivataM
ArAdhanIyaM aniSaM dEvair-api savAsavaiH
tathEti prati-jagrAha rAma-vAkyaM vibhIshaNaH (30, 31)

SrI rAma said – “O best among rAkshasAs, this much more I wish to say. O mighty one, worship jagannAtha (vishNu) the presiding deity of ikshvAku family. Lord vishNu is to be worshipped always by even the Gods and indra.” Accepting the words of SrI rAma, vibhIshaNa replied “It shall be so”.

Comments -
4 – nUvula koNDa – it is given as ‘koNDa’ in all the books, which means ‘mountain’. In the periodical SrAddha ceremonies performed in memory of (departed) fore-fathers, sweet ball of sesame seeds (nuvvula uNDa) is an important item. Further, in view of the ensuing word ‘bhujincenA’ (could he eat), in my opinion, this should be ‘nuvvula(v)uNDa’ and not ‘nuvvula koNDa’.

5 - singari muni – the reference could not be traced. However, during SrAddha ceremony, in Tamil brahmin familes, there is a tradition not to offer, more than once, sweet-ball of sesame seeds (nUvulavuNDa) to the brAhmaNas who receive worship as proxy of forefathers. This may have something to do with the example cited by SrI tyAgarAja.



Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. कळल नेर्चिना मुनु जेसिनदि
गाक(ये)मि अरवै नालुगु (क)

अ. कलिमि लेमुलकु कारणम्बु नीवे
करुण जूडवे कडुपु कॊरके (क)

च. कोरि नूवुल कॊण्ड तीसि सिंगरि मुनि
कूर्मि भुजिञ्चॆना वैरि तम्मुडु
सारमैन रंगनि(यि)ल्लु जेर्चॆना
सरस त्यागराज विनुत ब्रोववे (क)


Tamil


க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. களல நேர்சினா முனு ஜேஸினதி3
கா3க(யே)மி அரவை நாலுகு3 (க)

அ. கலிமி லேமுலகு காரணம்பு3 நீவே
கருண ஜூட3வே கடு3பு கொரகே (க)

ச. கோரி நூவுல கொண்ட3 தீஸி ஸிங்க3ரி முனி
கூர்மி பு4ஜிஞ்செனா வைரி தம்முடு3
ஸாரமைன ரங்க3னி(யி)ல்லு ஜேர்செனா
ஸரஸ த்யாக3ராஜ வினுத ப்3ரோவவே (க)

அறுபத்து நான்கு கலைகள் கற்றாலும்
முன்பு செய்தவை யன்றி மற்றென்ன?

செல்வத்திற்கும் வறுமைக்கும் காரணம் நீயே;
கருணை காட்டுவாயய்யா; வயிற்றுக்காக
அறுபத்து நான்கு கலைகள் கற்றாலும்
முன்பு செய்தவை யன்றி மற்றென்ன?

கோரி எள் மலையைப் பெற்று, சிங்கரி முனி,
விரும்பியருந்தினானா? (உனது) பகைவனின் தம்பி
அருமையான அரங்கனை வீடு சேர்த்தானா?
இனிய, தியாகராசனால் போற்ற பெற்றோனே! காப்பாயய்யா;
அறுபத்து நான்கு கலைகள் கற்றாலும்
முன்பு செய்தவை யன்றி மற்றென்ன?

முன்பு செய்தவை - முன் செய் வினையின் விளைவுகள்
எள் மலை - எள்ளுருண்டை என்றும் கொள்ளலாம்.
சிங்கரி முனி - இக்கதையின் விவரம் தெரியவில்லை
பகைவனின் தம்பி - (இராவணின் தம்பி) - விபீடணன்
அரங்கன் - விபீடணன் அரங்கனை இலங்கைக்கு கொண்டு செல்லமுடியவில்லை.
இனிய - இறைவனைக் குறிக்கும்


Telugu

ప. కళల నేర్చినా మును జేసినది
గాకయేమి అరవై నాలుగు (క)

అ. కలిమి లేములకు కారణంబు నీవే
కరుణ జూడవే కడుపు కొరకే (క)

చ. కోరి నూవుల కొండ తీసి సింగరి ముని
కూర్మి భుజించెనా వైరి తమ్ముడు
సారమైన రంగనియిల్లు జేర్చెనా
సరస త్యాగరాజ వినుత బ్రోవవే (క)


Kannada

ಪ. ಕಳಲ ನೇರ್ಚಿನಾ ಮುನು ಜೇಸಿನದಿ
ಗಾಕಯೇಮಿ ಅರವೈ ನಾಲುಗು (ಕ)

ಅ. ಕಲಿಮಿ ಲೇಮುಲಕು ಕಾರಣಂಬು ನೀವೇ
ಕರುಣ ಜೂಡವೇ ಕಡುಪು ಕೊರಕೇ (ಕ)

ಚ. ಕೋರಿ ನೂವುಲ ಕೊಂಡ ತೀಸಿ ಸಿಂಗರಿ ಮುನಿ
ಕೂರ್ಮಿ ಭುಜಿಂಚೆನಾ ವೈರಿ ತಮ್ಮುಡು
ಸಾರಮೈನ ರಂಗನಿಯಿಲ್ಲು ಜೇರ್ಚೆನಾ
ಸರಸ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜ ವಿನುತ ಬ್ರೋವವೇ (ಕ)



Malayalam


പ. കളല നേര്ചിനാ മുനു ജേസിനദി
ഗാകയേമി അരവൈ നാലുഗു (ക)

അ. കലിമി ലേമുലകു കാരണമ്ബു നീവേ
കരുണ ജൂഡവേ കഡുപു കൊരകേ (ക)

ച. കോരി നൂവുല കൊണ്ഡ തീസി സിങ്ഗരി മുനി
കൂര്മി ഭുജിഞ്ചെനാ വൈരി തമ്മുഡു
സാരമൈന രങ്ഗനിയില്ലു ജേര്ചെനാ
സരസ ത്യാഗരാജ വിനുത ബ്രോവവേ (ക)



Updated on 22 Apr 2010

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