Thursday, February 28, 2008

Thyagaraja Kriti - Gitaarthamu - Raga Surati

Transliteration–Telugu
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

gItArthamu-suraTi

In the kRti ‘gIthArthamu’ – rAga suraTi, SrI tyAgarAja praises AnjanEya.

pallavi
1gIt(A)rthamu 2sangIt(A)nandamun-
(3I) tAvuna jUDarA O manasA


anupallavi
sItA pati caraN(A)bjamul(i)Dukonna
4vAt(A)tmajuniki bAga telusurA (gItA)


caraNam
5hari hara bhAskara kAl(A)di karmamul-
(a)nu matamula 6marmamulan(e)ringina
hari vara rUpuDu 7hari haya vinutuDu
vara tyAgarAja varaduDu 8sukhirA (gItA)


Gist

O My Mind!
  • Behold in this place the true meaning of SrImad-bhagavad-gItA and the bliss attained through music.

  • These (meaning of gItA and the bliss attained through music) are well known to AnjanEya who is holding in his hands the Feet lotuses of Lord SrI rAma.

  • AnjanEya –

    • who is of the form of blessed monkey,

    • who is praised by indra,

    • who is the bestower of boons to this blessed tyAgarAja, and

    • who knows the secrets of the (formal) worship called sects of vishNu, Siva, Sun, Sakti etc., -

  • is happy (having known the fact and practising it).



Word-by-word meaning

pallavi
gItA-arthamu sangIta-Anandamunu-
I tAvuna jUDarA O manasA

O My Mind (manasA)! Behold (jUDarA) in this (I) place (tAvuna) the true meaning (arthamu) of SrImad-bhagavad-gItA (gItArthamu) and the bliss (Anandamunu) attained through music (sangIta) (sangItAnandamunI).


anupallavi
sItA pati caraNa-abjamulu-iDukonna
vAtAtmajuniki bAga telusurA (gItA)

These (meaning of gItA and the bliss attained through music) are well (bAga) known (telusurA) to AnjanEya – the son (Atmaja) of vAyu (vAta) (vAtAtmaja) (vAtAtmajuniki) - who is holding (iDukonna) in his hands the Feet (caraNa) lotuses (abjamulu) (caraNAbjamuliDukonna) of Lord SrI rAma – Consort (pati) of sItA;
O My Mind! Behold in this place the true meaning of SrImad-bhagavad- gItA and the bliss attained through music.


caraNam
hari hara bhAskara kAla-Adi karmamulu-
anu matamula marmamulanu-eringina
hari vara rUpuDu hari haya vinutuDu
vara tyAgarAja varaduDu sukhirA (gItA)

AnjanEya –
who is of the form (rUpuDu) of blessed (vara) monkey (hari),
who is praised (vinutuDu) by indra – one who has golden (hari) horse (haya),
who is the bestower of boons (varaduDu) to this blessed (vara) tyAgarAja, and
who knows (eringina) the secrets (marmamulanu) (marmamulaneringina) of the (formal) worship (karmamulu) (literally actions) called (anu) sects (matamula) of vishNu (hari), Siva (hara), Sun (bhAskara), Sakti (kAla) etc. (Adi) (kAlAdi) -
(He) is happy (sukhirA) (literally comfortable) (having known the fact and practising it);
O My Mind! Behold in this place the true meaning of SrImad-bhagavad- gItA and the bliss attained through music.


Notes –
Variations
6 – marmamulaneringina – marmamuleringina.

7 – hari haya – hara haya : As the meaning derived is ‘indra’, ‘hari haya’ is the correct word.

References
1 – gItArthamu – The following verses are considered the epitome of SrImad-bhagavad-gIta – (Chapter 18) –

man-manA bhava mad-bhaktO mad-yAjI mAM namaskuru
mAm-Evaishyasi satyaM tE pratijAnE priyO(a)si mE
sarva-dharmAn-parityajya mAm-EkaM SaraNaM vraja
ahaM tvA sarva-pApEbhyO mOkshayishyAmi mA SucaH 65, 66

“Occupy thy mind with Me, be devoted to Me, sacrifice to Me, bow down to Me. Thou shalt reach Myself; truly do I promise unto thee, (for) thou art dear to me.
Relinquishing all Dharmas take refuge in Me alone; I will liberate thee from all sins; grieve not.” (Translation by Swami Swarupananda)

2 – sangItAnandamu – in the kRti 'sangIta jnAnamu' – rAga dhanyAsi, SrI tyAgarAja states AnjanEya worships (upAsincE) music.

Regarding musical talents of AnjanEya, there is a reference in the website (Tamil) -

அனுமன் விவாதிகள் கருவ மடங்க
அசல முருகக் குண்டகக் கிரியாவெனும்
இராகம் பாடி யடக்கி மேலும்
சன்னிய ராக மாறாயிரஞ் சமைத்ததற்
கனும கடக மெனும்பெய ரணிந்தனன். ....45

“For subduing the pride of disputants, hanumAn, to the melting of mountain, sang a rAga called 'guNDaga kriya', and quelled them; further, he created six thousand janya rAgas and named them as 'hanuma kataka' (or attained the name 'hanuma kataka')”


4 – vAtAtjmajuniki telusu – During war of mahAbhArata, AnjanEya was in the flag of arjuna’s chariot driven by SrI kRshNa and listened when the Lord propounded gItA. Please refer to SrImad-bhagavad-gItA, Chapter 1, verse 20 – ‘kapi dvajaH’.

5 – hari hara bhAskara kAla Adi – This refers to pancAyatana pUja – Worship of vishNu, Siva, Sun, Sakti and gaNESa. The order of placement of the deities for pUja varies from sect to sect.

Subsequently, this was modified by Adi Sankara as shaNmatha pUja including the worship of Lord subrahmaNya (kaumAra).

Comments -
3 – I tAvuna –‘This place’ - In some books, this has been taken to mean ‘SrI rAma’. However, in my opinion, ‘this place’ means ‘the act of AnjanEya holding the feet of the Lord - total surrender – which is the meaning of gItA (gItArthamu)’.


5 – kAla – This refers to Sakti – kAlI (the feminine form of kAla)

6 – marmamulu – The following verse from SrImad-bhagavad-gItA (Chapter 3) is relevant –

yajnArthAt-karmaNO-(a)nyatra lOkO-(a)yaM karma bandhanaH
tad-arthaM karma kauntEya mukta sangaH samAcara 9

“The world is bound by actions other than those performed for the sake of yajna; do thou, therefore, O son of kuntI, perform action for yajna alone, devoid of attachment.” (yajna also means vishNu). (Translation by Swami Swarupananda)

8 – sukhirA – The following episode from the story of AnjanEya illustrates the comfort derived by him –

“The coronation ceremony of Lord Rama was celebrated with great éclat and pomp. Sita gave Hanuman a necklace of pearls of rare quality. Hanuman received it with great respect and began to break the pearls with his teeth. Sita and other ministers who were sitting in the council hall were quite astonished at this queer act of Hanuman.

Sita asked Hanuman, ‘O mighty hero, what are you doing? Why do you break the pearls?’ Sri Hanuman said, ‘O venerable mother, it is the most valuable necklace indeed as it has come to me through thy holy hand. But I want to find out whether any of the pearls contain my beloved Lord Rama. I do not keep a thing devoid of him. I do not find him in any of the pearls.’

Sita asked, ‘Tell me whether you keep Lord Rama within you.’ Sri Hanuman immediately tore open his heart and showed it to Sri Rama, Sita and others. They all found Lord Rama accompanied by Sita in the heart of Sri Hanuman.”



Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. गी(ता)र्थमु संगी(ता)नन्दमु-
(नी) तावुन जूडरा ओ मनसा

अ. सीता पति चर(णा)ब्जमु(लि)डुकॊन्न
वा(ता)त्मजुनिकि बाग तॆलुसुरा (गीता)

च. हरि हर भास्कर का(ला)दि
कर्ममु(ल)नु मतमुल मर्ममुल(नॆ)रिंगिन
हरि वर रूपुडु हरि हय विनुतुडु
वर त्यागराज वरदुडु सुखिरा (गीता)


Tamil

க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. கீ3(தா)ர்த2மு ஸங்கீ3(தா)னந்த3மு-
(னீ) தாவுன ஜூட3ரா ஓ மனஸா

அ. ஸீதா பதி சர(ணா)ப்3ஜமு(லி)டு3கொன்ன
வா(தா)த்மஜுனிகி பா3க3 தெலுஸுரா (கீ3தா)

ச. ஹரி ஹர பா4ஸ்கர கா(லா)தி3
கர்மமு(ல)னு மதமுல மர்மமுல(னெ)ரிங்கி3ன
ஹரி வர ரூபுடு3 ஹரி ஹய வினுதுடு3
வர த்யாக3ராஜ வரது3டு3 ஸுகி2ரா (கீ3தா)

கீதையின் பொருளினையும் சங்கீதத்தின் ஆனந்தத்தினையும்
இவ்விடத்தினில் காண்பாயடா, ஓ மனமே!

சீதாபதியின் திருவடித் தாமரைகளை யேந்தும்
வாயு மைந்தனுக்கு நன்கு தெரியுமடா;
கீதையின் பொருளினையும் சங்கீதத்தின் ஆனந்தத்தினையும்
இவ்விடத்தினில் காண்பாயடா, ஓ மனமே!

அரி, அரன், பரிதி, சக்தி முதலான கருமங்கள்
எனும் மதங்களின் மருமங்களினை யறிந்த
உயர் வானர உருவத்தோன், பொற்குதிரையோனால் போற்றப் பெற்றோன்,
உயர் தியாகராசனுக்கருள்வோன் களிப்பவனடா;
கீதையின் பொருளினையும் சங்கீதத்தின் ஆனந்தத்தினையும்
இவ்விடத்தினில் காண்பாயடா, ஓ மனமே!

கீதை - கண்ணன் உபதேசித்தது
இவ்விடத்தினில் - அனுமனிடத்தினில்
கருமங்கள் - அறு மத வழிபாட்டு முறைகளைக் குறிக்கும்
அறு மத வழிபாடு - சிவன், விஷ்ணு, சக்தி, சூரியன், கணபதி, முருகன்
பொற்குதிரையோன் - இந்திரன்
களிப்பவன் - அனுமனைக் குறிக்கும்


Telugu

ప. గీతార్థము సంగీతానందమును-
ఈ తావున జూడరా ఓ మనసా

అ. సీతా పతి చరణాబ్జములిడుకొన్న
వాతాత్మజునికి బాగ తెలుసురా (గీతా)

చ. హరి హర భాస్కర కాలాది
కర్మములను మతముల మర్మములనెరింగిన
హరి వర రూపుడు హరి హయ వినుతుడు
వర త్యాగరాజ వరదుడు సుఖిరా (గీతా)


Kannada

ಪ. ಗೀತಾರ್ಥಮು ಸಂಗೀತಾನಂದಮುನು-
ಈ ತಾವುನ ಜೂಡರಾ ಓ ಮನಸಾ

ಅ. ಸೀತಾ ಪತಿ ಚರಣಾಬ್ಜಮುಲಿಡುಕೊನ್ನ
ವಾತಾತ್ಮಜುನಿಕಿ ಬಾಗ ತೆಲುಸುರಾ (ಗೀತಾ)

ಚ. ಹರಿ ಹರ ಭಾಸ್ಕರ ಕಾಲಾದಿ
ಕರ್ಮಮುಲನು ಮತಮುಲ ಮರ್ಮಮುಲನೆರಿಂಗಿನ
ಹರಿ ವರ ರೂಪುಡು ಹರಿ ಹಯ ವಿನುತುಡು
ವರ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜ ವರದುಡು ಸುಖಿರಾ (ಗೀತಾ)


Malayalam

പ. ഗീതാര്ഥമു സങ്ഗീതാനന്ദമുനു-
ഈ താവുന ജൂഡരാ ഓ മനസാ

അ. സീതാ പതി ചരണാബ്ജമുലിഡുകൊന്ന
വാതാത്മജുനികി ബാഗ തെലുസുരാ (ഗീതാ)

ച. ഹരി ഹര ഭാസ്കര കാലാദി
കര്മമുലനു മതമുല മര്മമുലനെരിങ്ഗിന
ഹരി വര രൂപുഡു ഹരി ഹയ വിനുതുഡു
വര ത്യാഗരാജ വരദുഡു സുഖിരാ (ഗീതാ)


Updated on 18 Aug 2009

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