Thyagaraja Kriti - Sogasugaa Mridanga - Raga Sri Ranjani

Transliteration–Telugu _______________________________________________________
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

sogasugA mRdanga-SrIranjani

In the kRti ‘sogasugA mRdanga’ – rAga SrIranjani, SrI tyAgarAja extols the music with devotion.

P sogasugA mRdanga tALamu jata kUrci ninu
sokka jEyu dhIruD(e)vvaDO

A ¹nigama Sir(O)rthamu kalgina
nija vAkkulatO svara SuddhamutO (sogasu)

C ²yati ³viSrama sad-bhakti
virati drAkshA rasa ⁴nava rasa
yuta kRticE ⁵bhajiyincu
yukti tyAgarAjuni taramA ⁶SrI rAma (sogasu)

Gist
O Lord SrI rAma!
Whoever is that resolute person who makes You nicely enamoured by songs, with true words bearing the meanings of upanishads, and with purity of svara, duly attuned with the beat of mRdanga!

Is the method of chanting Your names in the form of kRti, consisting of – (a) wine of grape juice-like, elating nine (kinds of characterisation of) moods, (b) true devotion, (c) indifference to Worldly objects, (d) rhythmic pattern of svaras and words (or pause in the prosody), and (e) pausing at right places – within the reach of this tyAgarAja?

Word-by-word Meaning

P Whoever (evvaDO) is that resolute person (dhIruDu) (dhIruDevvaDO) who makes (jEyu) You (ninu) nicely (sogasugA) enamoured (sokka) by songs duly attuned (jata kUrci) with beats (tALamu) of mRdanga!

A Whoever is that resolute person who makes You nicely enamoured by songs -
with true (nija) words (vAkkulatO) bearing (kalgina) the meanings (arthamu) of upanishads – the head (Siras) (SirOrthamu) of vEda (nigama), and
with purity (SuddamutO) of svara duly attuned with the beat of mRdanga!

C O Lord SrI rAma! Is the method (yukti) of chanting Your names (bhajiyincu) in the form of kRti (kRticE) (literally with), consisting of (yuta) –
wine of grape (drAkshA) juice (rasa) like (elating) - nine (nava) (kinds of characterisation of) moods (rasa),
true devotion (sad-bhakti),
indifference (virati) to Worldly objects,
rhythmic pattern of svaras and words (or pause in the prosody) (yati), and
pausing at right places (viSrama),
within the reach (taramA) of this tyAgarAja (tyAgarAjuni)?
whoever is that resolute person who makes You nicely enamoured by song duly attuned with the beat of mRdanga!

Notes –
Variations –
⁵ – bhajiyincu – bhajiyincE.
⁶ – SrI rAma – rAma.

References –
¹– nigama Siras –In the kRti ‘O rAma rAma sarvOnnata’, SrI tyAgarAja uses the terminology – ‘vEda Siramulellanu nIvE daivamani’. upnishads are called vEda Siras - vEda Siras

² – yati – Dictionary meaning - ‘a caesura in prosody’; (caesura – break between words within a metrical foot; pause near middle of a line) : (prosody – study of versification; laws of metre).

‘Rules of prosody’ – source - yati-1

‘A rhythmic pattern of swaras, words, or beats in a taaLa. The types are: sama, gOpucca, srotovaaha, Damaru, mridanga, and vishama’. Source –
yati-2

‘In a Thala, if something is formulated by manodarma, it is called yathi. In pieces like Thevaram and Thiruppugazh we can see these yathis. Similarly, when we resort to kalpana swaras and there is thani avarthanam while playing on a laya instrument, we can see these yathis. They are of six kinds – Samayathi, Gopuchchayathi, Srodovahayathi, Damaruyathi, Mridangayathi and Vishamayathi’. Source – ‘Karnataka Sangeeta Sastra’ by Shri AS Panchapakesa Iyer.

³ – viSrama – Dictionary meaning ‘rest, quiet’

‘Pausing at right places’ – source -viSrama

⁴ – nava rasa - SRngAra - love, vIra - valour, bIbhatsa - disgust, raudra - anger, hAsya - mirth, bhayAnaka - terror, karuNa - pity, adbhuta - wonder, SAnta – tranquility; a tenth is also mentioned – vAtsalya – parental fondness.

Comments -
General – This kRti contains technical terminologies peculiar to music. Since I am not qualified on the subject, I have translated the kRti based on material available, indicating the sources thereof. From the reading of the materials concerned with these technical terms ‘yati’, ‘viSrama’ it seems that these relate to the art of singing with proper intonations, punctuations, breaks etc, so that, while abiding by metre of the rAga, the bhAva of the kRti would not only be not disturbed, but, rather, highlighted. If there are any errors, kindly pardon me.


Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. सॊगसुगा मृदंग ताळमु जत कूर्चि निनु
सॊक्क जेयु धीरु(डॆ)व्वडो

अ. निगम शि(रो)र्थमु कल्गिन
निज वाक्कुलतो स्वर शुद्धमुतो (सॊ)

च. यति विश्रम सद्भक्ति
विरति द्राक्षा रस नव-रस
युत कृतिचे भजियिञ्चु
युक्ति त्यागराजुनि तरमा श्री राम (सॊ)

Tamil

க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. ஸொக3ஸுகா3 ம்ரு2த3ங்க3 தாளமு ஜத கூர்சி நினு
ஸொக்க ஜேயு தீ4ரு(டெ3)வ்வடோ3

அ. நிக3ம ஸி1(ரோ)ர்த2மு கல்கி3ன
நிஜ வாக்குலதோ ஸ்வர ஸு1த்3த4முதோ (ஸொ)

ச. யதி விஸ்1ரம ஸத்3ப4க்தி
விரதி த்3ராக்ஷா ரஸ நவ-ரஸ
யுத க்ரு2திசே ப4ஜியிஞ்சு
யுக்தி த்யாக3ராஜுனி தரமா ஸ்ரீ ராம (ஸொ)

சொகுசாக, மிருதங்க தாளத்தினைச் சோடு கட்டி,
உன்னை சொக்கவைக்கும் தீரனெவனோ!

மறைமுடியின் பொருளுடைத்த,
உண்மையான சொற்களுடனும், சுரத் தூய்மையுடனும்,
சொகுசாக, மிருதங்க தாளத்தினைச் சோடு கட்டி,
உன்னை சொக்கவைக்கும் தீரனெவனோ!

யதி, விஸ்ரமம், தூய பத்தி,
(உலகப்) பற்றின்மை, திராட்சைச் சாறு (நிகர்) நவரசம்
கூடிய பாடல்களுடன் வழிபடும்
முறைமை தியாகராசனின் தரமா, இராமா?
சொகுசாக, மிருதங்க தாளத்தினைச் சோடு கட்டி,
உன்னை சொக்கவைக்கும் தீரனெவனோ!

மறை முடி - உபநிடதங்கள்
யதி - இடைவெளி
விஸ்ரமம் - அமைதி
யதி, விஸ்ரமம் - இசைக்கலையின் சிறப்புச் சொற்கள் -
இவற்றிற்க்கீடான தமிழ்ச் சொற்களென்ன?
நவரசம் - அற்புதம், சினம், கருணை, அருவருப்பு, அமைதி,
சிங்காரம், அச்சம், பெருநகை, வீரம்

Telugu

ప. సొగసుగా మృదంగ తాళము జత కూర్చి నిను
సొక్క జేయు ధీరుడెవ్వడో

అ. నిగమ శిరోర్థము కల్గిన
నిజ వాక్కులతో స్వర శుద్ధముతో (సొ)

చ. యతి విశ్రమ సద్భక్తి
విరతి ద్రాక్షా రస నవ-రస
యుత కృతిచే భజియించు
యుక్తి త్యాగరాజుని తరమా శ్రీ రామ (సొ)

Kannada

ಪ. ಸೊಗಸುಗಾ ಮೃದಂಗ ತಾಳಮು ಜತ ಕೂರ್ಚಿ ನಿನು
ಸೊಕ್ಕ ಜೇಯು ಧೀರುಡೆವ್ವಡೋ

ಅ. ನಿಗಮ ಶಿರೋರ್ಥಮು ಕಲ್ಗಿನ
ನಿಜ ವಾಕ್ಕುಲತೋ ಸ್ವರ ಶುದ್ಧಮುತೋ (ಸೊ)

ಚ. ಯತಿ ವಿಶ್ರಮ ಸದ್ಭಕ್ತಿ
ವಿರತಿ ದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಾ ರಸ ನವ-ರಸ
ಯುತ ಕೃತಿಚೇ ಭಜಿಯಿಂಚು
ಯುಕ್ತಿ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜುನಿ ತರಮಾ ಶ್ರೀ ರಾಮ (ಸೊ)

Malayalam

പ. സൊഗസുഗാ മൃദങ്ഗ താളമു ജത കൂര്ചി നിനു
സൊക്ക ജേയു ധീരുഡെവ്വഡോ

അ. നിഗമ ശിരോര്ഥമു കല്ഗിന
നിജ വാക്കുലതോ സ്വര ശുദ്ധമുതോ (സൊ)

ച. യതി വിശ്രമ സദ്ഭക്തി
വിരതി ദ്രാക്ഷാ രസ നവ-രസ
യുത കൃതിചേ ഭജിയിഞ്ചു
യുക്തി ത്യാഗരാജുനി തരമാ ശ്രീ രാമ (സൊ)


Updated on 18 Mar 2009