Monday, October 01, 2007

Thyagaraja Kriti - Entani Ne - Raga Mukhaari

Transliteration–Telugu _______________________________________________________
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

entani nE-mukhAri

SrI tyAgarAja describes SrI SabarI’s beatitude in the kRti – entani nE varNintunu SabarI – rAga mukhari.

P entani nE varNintunu SabarI bhAgyam(entani)

A 1dAntula vara kAntalu jagam-
(a)nta niNDi(y)uNDaga (entani)

C kanulAra sEvinci kammani phalamulan(o)sagi
tanuvu pulakarinca pAda yugamulaku mrokki
ina kula pati samukhambuna punar-2AvRtti rahita pada-
munu pondina tyAgarAja nuturAli puNyambunu (entani)

Gist
How much shall I describe the blessedness of SabarI?

While blessed wives of ascetics abound throughout the Earth, how much shall I describe the blessedness of SabarI?

How much shall I describe the merit of SabarI – praised by this tyAgarAja - who - beholding the Lord to her heart’s (eyes’) content, offering Him the sweetest fruits, and worshipping His Feet such that she had horripilation, attained the state of non-return in the very presence of SrI rAma – the Chief of Solar Dynasty?

Word-by-word Meaning

P How much (entani) shall I (nE) describe (varNintunu) the blessedness (bhAgyamu) of SabarI?

A While blessed (vara) wives (kAntalu) of ascetics (dAntula) abound (niNDi uNDaga) (niNDiyuNDaga) throughout (anta) the Earth (jagamu) (jagamanta),
how much shall I describe the blessedness of SabarI?

C How much shall I describe the merit (puNyambunu) of SabarI – praised (nuturAli) by this tyAgarAja who -
beholding (sEvinci) (literally worship) the Lord to her heart’s (eyes’) content (kanulAra),
offering (osagi) Him the sweetest (kammani) fruits (phalamulanu) (phalamulanosagi), and
worshipping (mrokki) His Feet (pAda yugamulaku) such that she had horripilation (tanuvu pulakarinca),
attained (pondina) the state (padamunu) of non-return (punar-AvRtti rahita) in the very presence (samukhambuna) of SrI rAma – the Chief (pati) of Solar (ina) Dynasty (kula)?

Notes –
Variations –

References –

Comments -
1 – dAntula vara kAntalu – The implication is that while SrI rAma went to residence of many great ascetics – atri-anusUya, Sarabhanga, sutIkshna, agastya - none had the fortune of attaining liberation, whereas SabarI – an illiterate - whose supreme devotion to her guru and her firm conviction that SrI rAma would come one day, enabled her to attain liberation, and that too in His very presence.

The Vaishnavaite Saint, Vedanta Desika in his 'raghuvIra gadyam' refers to rAma as 'SabarI mOksha sAkshi bhUta' - one who was just a witness to the liberation of SabarI - rAma did not grant her liberation. She had already qualified for that status. Such was the blessedness of Sabari that SrI tyAgarAja fails to find words - 'entani nE varNintu'? Please refer to 'raghuvIra gadyam' - Sabari mOksha

2 - AvRtti - The cycle of repeated births and deaths.


Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. ऎन्तनि ने वर्णिन्तुनु शबरी भाग्य(मॆन्त)

अ. दान्तुल वर कान्तलु जग(म)न्त निण्डि(यु)ण्डग (ऎ)

च. कनुलार सेविञ्चि कम्मनि फलमुल(नॊ)सगि
तनुवु पुलकरिञ्च पाद युगमुलकु म्रॊक्कि
इन कुल पति समुखम्बुन पुन(रा)वृत्ति रहित
पदमुनु पॊन्दिन त्यागराज नुतुरालि पुण्यम्बुनु (ऎ)

Tamil

க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. எந்தனி நே வர்ணிந்துனு ஸ1ப3ரீ பா4க்3ய(மெந்த)

அ. தா3ந்துல வர காந்தலு ஜக3(ம)ந்த நிண்டி3(யு)ண்ட3க3 (எ)

ச. கனுலார ஸேவிஞ்சி கம்மனி ப2லமுல(னொ)ஸகி3
தனுவு புலகரிஞ்ச பாத3 யுக3முலகு ம்ரொக்கி
இன குல பதி ஸமுக2ம்பு3ன புன(ரா)வ்ரு2த்தி ரஹித
பத3முனு பொந்தி3ன த்யாக3ராஜ நுதுராலி புண்யம்பு3னு (எ)

எங்ஙனம் நான் வருணிப்பேன் சபரியின் பேற்றினை?

முனிவர்களின் உயர் மனைவியர் புவியெங்கும் நிறைந்திருக்க,
எங்ஙனம் நான் வருணிப்பேன் சபரியின் பேற்றினை?

கண்ணார சேவித்து, இனிய பழங்களையளித்து,
மெய்ச்சிலிர்க்க, திருவடி இணையினுக்கு வணங்கி,
பரிதி குலத் தலைவனின் முன்னிலையில், மறு பிறப்பற்ற
பதத்தினையடைந்த, தியாகராசனால்
போற்றப் பெற்றவளின் புண்ணியத்தினை
எங்ஙனம் நான் வருணிப்பேன், சபரியின் பேற்றினை?

பரிதி குலத் தலைவன் - இராமன்

Telugu

ప. ఎంతని నే వర్ణింతును శబరీ భాగ్య(మెంత)

అ. దాంతుల వర కాంతలు జగమంత నిండియుండగ (ఎ)

చ. కనులార సేవించి కమ్మని ఫలములనొసగి
తనువు పులకరించ పాద యుగములకు మ్రొక్కి
ఇన కుల పతి సముఖంబున పునరావృత్తి రహిత
పదమును పొందిన త్యాగరాజ నుతురాలి పుణ్యంబును (ఎ)

Kannada

ಪ. ಎಂತನಿ ನೇ ವರ್ಣಿಂತುನು ಶಬರೀ ಭಾಗ್ಯ(ಮೆಂತ)

ಅ. ದಾಂತುಲ ವರ ಕಾಂತಲು ಜಗಮಂತ ನಿಂಡಿಯುಂಡಗ (ಎ)

ಚ. ಕನುಲಾರ ಸೇವಿಂಚಿ ಕಮ್ಮನಿ ಫಲಮುಲನೊಸಗಿ
ತನುವು ಪುಲಕರಿಂಚ ಪಾದ ಯುಗಮುಲಕು ಮ್ರೊಕ್ಕಿ
ಇನ ಕುಲ ಪತಿ ಸಮುಖಂಬುನ ಪುನರಾವೃತ್ತಿ ರಹಿತ
ಪದಮುನು ಪೊಂದಿನ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜ ನುತುರಾಲಿ ಪುಣ್ಯಂಬುನು (ಎ)

Malayalam

പ. എന്തനി നേ വര്ണിന്തുനു ശബരീ ഭാഗ്യ(മെന്ത)

അ. ദാന്തുല വര കാന്തലു ജഗമന്ത നിണ്ഡിയുണ്ഡഗ (എ)

ച. കനുലാര സേവിഞ്ചി കമ്മനി ഫലമുലനൊസഗി
തനുവു പുലകരിഞ്ച പാദ യുഗമുലകു മ്രൊക്കി
ഇന കുല പതി സമുഖമ്ബുന പുനരാവൃത്തി രഹിത
പദമുനു പൊന്ദിന ത്യാഗരാജ നുതുരാലി പുണ്യമ്ബുനു (എ)

Updated on 28 Feb 2009

4 comments:

Govindaswamy said...

Dear Sri Govindan
A.P :I learn that ‘dAntulu’ is found in some books.
Regards
Govindaswamy

V Govindan said...

Dear Sri Govindaswami,

None of the books I refer, have the word 'dAntulu'. However, in the present context, 'dAntulu' is not appropriate. SrI tyAgarAja is comparing 'vara kAntulu' (great wives) to 'Sabari'. Therefore, it should 'dAntula vara kAntulu' (wives of great ascetics). If it is taken as 'dAntulu', then it will be interpreted as 'ascetics' and 'great women' (not 'great wives'). 'ascetics' by themselves are not in comparison here.

Regards,
V Govindan

Aravinda Prasad said...

I agree with Govindan. The wives of the Munis have high social status since their husbands were living and great people. Relatively Sabari has lower social stauts as she is an old tribal widow. Contrasting them thus, Tyagaraja wonders how fortunate Sabari was.

Anonymous said...

- AhA, entani nE varNintunu gOvindan-gAru bhAgyamu?!

As a liberal beneficiary of your wonderful multilingual translations and transliterations of tyAgarAja svAmigaL-'s soul-stirring kIrtanai-s, I feel it is high time that I wrote a few words to you expressing my gratitude and indebtedness. As was true for another reader who commented in a previous post, your 'tyAgarAja vaibhavam' has become a one-stop resource for me too - my Karnatic Bible(!), as it were - when researching tyAgarAja-'s compositions. I am a Karnatic vocalist cum avid linguaphile and your minute analysis and breakdown of tyAgarAja-'s telugu masterpieces is a constant (unparalleled) source of inspiration to me. The majority of contemporary musicians, notwithstanding their technical abilities, sadly, pay scant regard to libretto albeit in their own so-called mother tongue! Your site has given me the confidence to resurrect old pieces I had learned as well as the motivation to learn further krti-s still for public and private consumption. Your tamil translations are also beautiful, almost stand-alone works in their own right. Please continue your invaluable work. வாழ்க வளமுடன்..!


All the best,

Satyarthi Aiyar (UK)

sathya99@hotmail.com