Thyagaraja Kriti - Sarasa Saama Daana - Raga Kaapi Naaraayani

Transliteration–Telugu _______________________________________________________
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

sarasa sAma dAna-kApinArAyaNi

In the kRti ‘sarasa sAma dAna’ – rAga kApinArAyaNi, SrI tyAgarAja extols the Lord about the way He dealt with rAvaNa.

P sarasa ¹sAma dAna bhEda daNDa catura
sATi daivam(e)varE brOvavE

A parama SAmbhav(A)grEsaruND(a)gucu²
palku rAvaNuDu teliya lEka pOye (sarasa)

C hitavu mATal(e)ntO bAga palkitivi
³satamugAn(a)yOdhyan(i)ttun(a)NTivi
nata sahOdaruni rAju cEsi rAka
hatamu jEsitivi tyAgarAja nuta (sarasa)

Gist
O Elegant Lord who is adept in the four-fold actions (of rAja dharma) - conciliation, gift or bribe, creation of dissension and punishment! O Lord praised by this tyAgarAja!

Which God is equal to You?
Deign to protect me.

But, rAvaNa, being the eminent devotee of the great Lord Siva, failed to understand Your words!

You conveyed well a lot of beneficial words; You said that ‘I shall offer even ayOdhyA for ever’; when he (rAvaNa) did not mend his ways even after anointing vibhIshaNa – his brother who supplicated before You – as King of lankA, You ultimately slayed him.

Word-by-word meaning

P O Elegant Lord (sarasa) who is adept (catura) in the four-fold actions (of rAja dharma) - conciliation (sAma), gift or bribe (dAna), creation of dissension (bhEda) and punishment (daNDa)!
which (evarE) God (daivamu) (daivamevarE) is equal (sATi) to You? deign to protect (brOvavE) me.

A But, rAvaNa (rAvaNuDu) being (agucu) the eminent (agrEsaruNDu) devotee of the great (parama) (literally supreme) Lord Siva (SAmbhava) (literally related or belonging to Sambhu) (SAmbhavAgrEsaruNDagucu), failed to understand (teliya lEka pOye) Your words (palku)!
O Elegant Lord who is adept in the four-fold actions (of rAja dharma) - conciliation, gift or bribe, creation of dissension and punishment! which God is equal to You? deign to protect me.

C You conveyed (palkitivi) (literally uttered) well (bAga) a lot of (entO) beneficial (hitavu) words (mATalu) (mATalentO);
You said (aNTivi) that ‘I shall offer (ittunu) even ayOdhyA (ayOdhyanu) for ever’ (satamugAnu) (satamugAnayOdhyAnittunaNTivi);
when he (rAvaNa) did not mend his ways (rAka) (literally come) even after anointing (cEsi) (literally make) vibhIshaNa – his brother (sahOdara) (sahOdaruni) who supplicated (nata) before You – as King (rAju) of lankA, You ultimately slayed (hatamu jEsitivi) him;
O Lord praised (nuta) by this tyAgarAja!
O Elegant Lord who is adept in the four-fold actions (of rAja dharma) – conciliation, gift or bribe, creation of dissension and punishment! which God is equal to You? deign to protect me.

Notes –
Variations –
² – agrEsaruNDagucu – agrEsaruNDanucu : In the present context, 'agrEsaruNDagucu' seems to be appropriate.

³ – satamugAnayOdhyanittunu – satamugAnayOdhyaniccEnu.

References –
¹ – sAma dAna bhEda daNDa - Four-fold method of rAja dharma in dealing with enemy - conciliation, gifts/bribe, sowing dissensions and war/punishment. – please refer to dEvi bhAgavataM, Book 1, Chapter 7 -

Comments -
¹ – dAna – bhEda - As brought in the note on caraNa, it is not clear whether SrI rAma did actually entice rAvaNa by offering ayOdhyA. vibhIshaNa sought asylum of the the Lord voluntarily and this would not amount to ‘creating dissension’. Therefore, as per SrImad vAlmIki rAmAyaNa, SrI rAma did not resort to ‘dAna’ or ‘bhEda’ – but only ‘sAma’ and ‘daNDa’.

³ - satamugAnayOdhyanittunu – ‘I shall give you ayOdhya for ever’ – the purported statement of SrI rAma, addressed to rAvaNa, is not found in SrImad vAlmIki rAmAyaNa. In sundara kANDa, AnjanEya, after seeing sItA, assumes himself the task of meeting rAvaNa; in the Court of rAvaNa, AnjanEya does not make any such statement (of giving even ayOdhya to rAvaNa). Subsequently, in yuddha kANDa, SrI rAma despatches angada (son of vAli) as a messenger to rAvaNa to ask him to return sItA; even here, there is no such mention of ayOdhyA being bestowed on rAvaNa. Therefore, the source of the statement of SrI tyAgarAja is not traceable.


Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. सरस साम दान भेद दण्ड चतुर
साटि दैव(मॆ)वरे ब्रोववे

अ. परम शाम्भ(वा)ग्रेसरु(ण्ड)गुचु
पल्कु रावणुडु तॆलिय लेक पोयॆ (सरस)

च. हितवु माट(लॆ)न्तो बाग पल्कितिवि
सतमुगा(न)योध्य(नि)त्तु(न)ण्टिवि
नत सहोदरुनि राजु चेसि राक
हतमु जेसितिवि त्यागराज नुत (सरस)

Tamil

க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. ஸரஸ ஸாம தா3ன பே4த3 த3ண்ட3 சதுர
ஸாடி தை3வ(மெ)வரே ப்3ரோவவே

அ. பரம ஸா1ம்ப4(வா)க்3ரேஸருண்(ட3)கு3சு
பல்கு ராவணுடு3 தெலிய லேக போயெ (ஸரஸ)

ச. ஹிதவு மாட(லெ)ந்தோ பா3க3 பல்கிதிவி
ஸதமுகா3(ன)யோத்4ய(னி)த்து(ன)ண்டிவி
நத ஸஹோத3ருனி ராஜு சேஸி ராக
ஹதமு ஜேஸிதிவி த்யாக3ராஜ நுத (ஸரஸ)

சமாதானம், கொடை, பிளவு, தண்டனை ஆகிய நான்கிலும்
வல்ல இனியோனே! உனக்கு நிகர் தெய்வமெவருளர்? காப்பாய்;

உயர் சம்புவின் அடியார்களில் தலைசிறந்தோனாகியும்
(உனது) சொற்களை இராவணன் அறியாமற் போனானே!
சமாதானம், கொடை, பிளவு, தண்டனை ஆகிய நான்கிலும்
வல்ல இனியோனே! உனக்கு நிகர் தெய்வமெவருளர்? காப்பாய்

இதமான சொற்களெத்தனையோ நன்கு பகர்ந்தாய்;
என்றைக்கும் அயோத்தியையும் அளிப்பேனென்றாய்;
பணிந்த சோதரனை அரசனாக்கியும் (வழிக்கு) வராமற் போக,
(அவனை) வதைத்தாய்; தியாகராசனால் போற்றப் பெற்றோனே!
சமாதானம், கொடை, பிளவு, தண்டனை ஆகிய நான்கிலும்
வல்ல இனியோனே! உனக்கு நிகர் தெய்வமெவருளர்? காப்பாய்

சமாதானம், கொடை, பிளவு, தண்டனை -
பகைவரையணுகுவதில் நான்கு முறைகள் (அரசியல்)

சம்பு - சிவன்
சோதரன் - விபீடணன்

Telugu

ప. సరస సామ దాన భేద దండ చతుర
సాటి దైవమెవరే బ్రోవవే

అ. పరమ శాంభవాగ్రేసరుండగుచు
పల్కు రావణుడు తెలియ లేక పోయె (సరస)

చ. హితవు మాటలెంతో బాగ పల్కితివి
సతముగానయోధ్యనిత్తునంటివి
నత సహోదరుని రాజు చేసి రాక
హతము జేసితివి త్యాగరాజ నుత (సరస)

Kannada

ಪ. ಸರಸ ಸಾಮ ದಾನ ಭೇದ ದಂಡ ಚತುರ
ಸಾಟಿ ದೈವಮೆವರೇ ಬ್ರೋವವೇ

ಅ. ಪರಮ ಶಾಂಭವಾಗ್ರೇಸರುಂಡಗುಚು
ಪಲ್ಕು ರಾವಣುಡು ತೆಲಿಯ ಲೇಕ ಪೋಯೆ (ಸರಸ)

ಚ. ಹಿತವು ಮಾಟಲೆಂತೋ ಬಾಗ ಪಲ್ಕಿತಿವಿ
ಸತಮುಗಾನಯೋಧ್ಯನಿತ್ತುನಂಟಿವಿ
ನತ ಸಹೋದರುನಿ ರಾಜು ಚೇಸಿ ರಾಕ
ಹತಮು ಜೇಸಿತಿವಿ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜ ನುತ (ಸರಸ)

Malayalam

പ. സരസ സാമ ദാന ഭേദ ദണ്ഡ ചതുര
സാടി ദൈവമെവരേ ബ്രോവവേ

അ. പരമ ശാമ്ഭവാഗ്രേസരുണ്ഡഗുചു
പല്കു രാവണുഡു തെലിയ ലേക പോയെ (സരസ)

ച. ഹിതവു മാടലെന്തോ ബാഗ പല്കിതിവി
സതമുഗാനയോധ്യനിത്തുനണ്ടിവി
നത സഹോദരുനി രാജു ചേസി രാക
ഹതമു ജേസിതിവി ത്യാഗരാജ നുത (സരസ)

Updated on 26 Apr 2009