Monday, April 28, 2008

Thyagaraja Kriti - Chede Buddhi - Raga Athana

Transliteration–Telugu
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

ceDE buddhi-aThANA

In the kRti ‘ceDE buddhi mAnurA’ – rAga aThANA (tALa Adi), SrI tyAgarAja asks his mind to concentrate on the Indwelling Lord.

pallavi
ceDE buddhi mAnurA


anupallavi
iDE 1pAtram(e)varO jUDarA (ceDE)


caraNam
bhU-vAsiki tagu phalamu kalgun(a)ni
budhulu palka vina lEdA manasA
2SrI vAsudEvas-sarvam(a)nucunu
cintincarA tyAgarAja vinutuni (ceDE)


Gist

O My Mind!
  • Abandon the mentality leading to ruin.

  • Look, who the Master here (in the body) is.

  • Have you not heard the wise say that, to each earthly being, results shall accrue according to what he deserves?

  • Therefore, considering the Indwelling Lord to be everything, reflect on the Lord praised by this tyAgarAja.



Word-by-word Meaning

pallavi
ceDE buddhi mAnurA

Abandon (mAnurA) the mentality (buddhi) leading to ruin (ceDE)!


anupallavi
iDE pAtramu-evarO jUDarA (ceDE)

Look (jUDarA), who (evarO) the Master (pAtramu) (pAtramevarO) here (iDE) (in the body) is and
abandon the mentality leading to ruin.


caraNam
bhU-vAsiki tagu phalamu kalgunu-ani
budhulu palka vina lEdA manasA
SrI vAsudEvas-sarvamu-anucunu
cintincarA tyAgarAja vinutuni (ceDE)

O My Mind (manasA)! Have you not (lEdA) heard (vina) the wise (budhulu) say (palka) that (ani), to each earthly (bhU) being (vAsiki), results (phalamu) shall accrue (kalgunu) (kalgunani) according to what he deserves (tagu)?
Therefore, considering the Indwelling Lord (SrI vAsudEvaH) to be (anucu) everything (sarvamu) (vAsudEvas-sarvamanucunu), reflect (cintincara) (literally meditate) on the Lord praised (vinutuni) by this tyAgarAja and
abandon the mentality leading to ruin.


Notes –
References
2 - vAsudEva - vishNu sahasranAmaM (332) – (based on Commentary of Adi SankarAcArya) -

“One who is at once both vAsu and dEva. vAsu means ‘One who dwells in the physical equipments of all living creatures as its indweller’ (jIva); dEva means ‘One who revels or One who illumines’. Thus, vAsudEvaH means ‘One who lives in the physical equipment as though conditioned by them, and yet, who is the Vital Consciousness in the light of which every experience is illumined’. The Lord is the One who dwells in all things of the universe and He is at once the Supporter of the entire world.

Also, directly, it can be taken to mean, One who is born as the Son of Sri vAsudEva in the jail of kamsa, the Blue-Boy of bRndAvana. He is called vAsu as He veils Himself with His own mAyA; dEva means ‘He who sports, wishes to conquer, conducts, shines, creates and moves’. In the Udyoga Parva of Mahabharata, we read, ‘Like the Sun with his rays I am covering (dEva) in all beings and hence, I am called vAsudEva’.

vishNupurana says, ‘as He resides everywhere in and through all things, He is termed vAsudEvaH’. All beings remain in the Supreme, and He in all beings and hence, the Omnipresent is called the vAsudEva.”


2 – SrI vAsudEvas-saravamanucu – These are the exact words taken from SrImad bhagavad gItA, Chapter 7, verse 19 (vAsudEvaH sarvamiti) -

bahUnAM janmanAm-antE jnAnavAn-mAM prapadyatE
vAsudEvaH sarvam-iti sa mahAtmA sudurlabhaH 19

“At the end of many births, the man of wisdom takes refuge in Me, realising that all this is vAsudEva (the innermost Self). Very rare is that great soul.” (Translation by Swami Swarupananda)

Comments -
1 – pAtramevarO – In the books, this has been translated as ‘see the really charitable one’ and ‘give alms after ascertaining whether the receiver deserves it’. However, in my opinion, in view of the preceding word ‘iDE’ (here), ‘pAtram’, here refers to the Indwelling Lord – the Self. This has been clarified in the caraNa as ‘SrI vAsudEvaH’.



Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. चॆडे बुद्धि मानुरा

अ. इडे पात्र(मॆ)वरो जूडरा (चॆ)

च. भू वासिकि तगु फलमु कल्गु(न)नि
बुधुलु पल्क विन लेदा मनसा
श्री वासुदेवस्सर्व(म)नुचुनु
चिन्तिञ्चरा त्यागराज विनुतुनि (चॆ)


Tamil

க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. செடே3 பு3த்3தி4 மானுரா

அ. இடே3 பாத்ர(மெ)வரோ ஜூட3ரா (செ)

ச. பூ4 வாஸிகி தகு3 ப2லமு கல்கு3(ன)னி
பு3து4லு பல்க வின லேதா3 மனஸா
ஸ்ரீ வாஸுதே3வஸ்ஸர்வ(ம)னுசுனு
சிந்திஞ்சரா த்யாக3ராஜ வினுதுனி (செ)

கெட்டுப்போகும் புத்தியினைக் கைவிடடா

இங்கு பாத்திரமெவரோ காணடா;
கெட்டுப்போகும் புத்தியினைக் கைவிடடா

புவி வாசிக்கு தகுந்த பயனுண்டாகுமென,
அறிஞர்கள் சொல்லக் கேட்டிலையோ, மனமே?
வாசுதேவனே அனைத்துமென
சிந்திப்பாயடா, தியாகராசனால் போற்றப் பெற்றோனை;
கெட்டுப்போகும் புத்தியினைக் கைவிடடா

இங்கு - இவ்வுடலினில்
பாத்திரம் - உள்ளியக்கும் தலைவன்
வாசுதேவன் - உள்ளியங்கும் (உள்ளியக்கும்) இறைவன்


Telugu

ప. చెడే బుద్ధి మానురా

అ. ఇడే పాత్రమెవరో జూడరా (చె)

చ. భూ వాసికి తగు ఫలము కల్గునని
బుధులు పల్క విన లేదా మనసా
శ్రీ వాసుదేవస్సర్వమనుచును
చింతించరా త్యాగరాజ వినుతుని (చె)


Kannada

ಪ. ಚೆಡೇ ಬುದ್ಧಿ ಮಾನುರಾ

ಅ. ಇಡೇ ಪಾತ್ರಮೆವರೋ ಜೂಡರಾ (ಚೆ)

ಚ. ಭೂ ವಾಸಿಕಿ ತಗು ಫಲಮು ಕಲ್ಗುನನಿ
ಬುಧುಲು ಪಲ್ಕ ವಿನ ಲೇದಾ ಮನಸಾ
ಶ್ರೀ ವಾಸುದೇವಸ್ಸರ್ವಮನುಚುನು
ಚಿಂತಿಂಚರಾ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜ ವಿನುತುನಿ (ಚೆ)


Malayalam

പ. ചെഡേ ബുദ്ധി മാനുരാ

അ. ഇഡേ പാത്രമെവരോ ജൂഡരാ (ചെ)

ച. ഭൂ വാസികി തഗു ഫലമു കല്ഗുനനി
ബുധുലു പല്ക വിന ലേദാ മനസാ
ശ്രീ വാസുദേവസ്സര്വമനുചുനു
ചിന്തിഞ്ചരാ ത്യാഗരാജ വിനുതുനി (ചെ)



Updated on 15 Nov 2009

2 comments:

Anonymous said...

Dear Sri Govindan
AP- You have taken the meaning of ‘iDE’ as ‘ here’, for which the words in use are, ikkaDa, iccaTa, IDa. Out of these three the lat one is nearer to ‘iDE’. But to get the meaning only here this should be ‘IDE’. However the long wovel ‘I’ will not rhyme with ‘cE’ in the beginnng of Pallavi.
In TTD book this is given as ‘idE’.
Does not pAtram mean a vessel? You have taken the meaning as Master. This is not clear to me.
Regards
Govindaswamy

V Govindan said...

Dear Sri Govindaswamy,
Regarding 'iDE' - I agree with you that the correct word for 'here' is 'IDE' and not 'iDE'. But 'iDE' is found in all books. Further, as pointed out by you, 'IDE' might go against the rules of prAsa - anuprAsa.
Read in conjunction with 'pAtramu' (iDE pAtramu), this construct has been clarified as 'vAsudEva'. This is typical of Sri tyAgarAja that he uses cryptic words in pallavi and anupallavi and clarifies them in caraNa.
However, the word 'idE' as given in the book of TTD meaning 'this itself' is wrong in the present context.

Regarding 'pAtra'. The most obvious meaning of the word is 'eligibility'. However, such a meaning does not fit in the context. As pointed by me earlier, 'iDE pAtramu' is a single construct which has been clarified as 'vAsudEva' in the caraNa. Therefore, vAsudEva cannot be called 'eligible' or 'vessel'. This word (pAtra) has a meaning 'master' also. Please refer to Sanskrit Dictionary (Type 'pAtra') to retrieve the word.