Thyagaraja Kriti - Raga Sudhaa - Raga Andolika

Transliteration–Telugu _______________________________________________________
Transliteration as per Modified Harvard-Kyoto (HK) Convention
(including Telugu letters – Short e, Short o) -

a A i I u U
R RR lR lRR
e E ai o O au M (H or :)

(e – short E – Long o – short O – Long)

k kh g gh n/G
c ch j jh n/J (jn – as in jnAna)
T Th D Dh N
t th d dh n
p ph b bh m
y r l L v
S sh s h

rAga sudha-AndOLika

In the kRti ‘rAga sudha rasa pAnamu’ – rAga AndoLika, SrI tyAgarAja states that great musicians attain jIvan mukti.

P rAga sudhA rasa pAnamu jEsi
¹ranjillavE ²O manasA

A ³yAga ⁴yOga ⁵tyAga ⁶bhOga
phalam(o)sangE (rAga)

C ⁷sadASiva mayamagu
nAd(O)MkAra svara
vidulu ⁸jIvan-muktul(a)ni
tyAgarAju teliyu (rAga)

Gist
O My Mind! Exult by drinking the nectarine juice of music which bestows all the benefits that accrue through vEdic sacrifices, through practice of yOga, through renunciation and through worldly enjoyments;
(OR) O My Mind! Exult by drinking the nectarine juice of music which bestows all the benefits of transcendental bliss that accrue through vEdic sacrifices, through practice of yOga, through renunciation.
This tyAgarAja knows that those well-versed in the sapta svara, emanating from praNava nAda, which is of the nature of the Supreme Lord - parabrahman, are indeed the living-liberated.

Word-by-word Meaning

P O My Mind (manasA)! Exult (ranjillavE) by drinking (pAnamu jEsi) the nectarine (sudhA) juice (rasa) of music (rAga).

A O My Mind! Exult by drinking the nectarine juice of music which bestows (osangE) all the benefits (phalamu) (phalamosangE) that accrue through vEdic sacrifices (yAga), through practice of yOga, through renunciation (tyAga) and through worldly enjoyments (bhOga) (OR) O My Mind! Exult by drinking the nectarine juice of music which bestows (osangE) all the benefits (phalamu) (phalamosangE) of transcendental bliss (bhOga) that accrue through vEdic sacrifices (yAga), through practice of yOga, through renunciation (tyAga).

C This tyAgarAja (tyAgarAju) knows (teliyu) that (ani) those well-versed (vidulu) in the sapta svara,
emanating from praNava (OMkAra) nAda (nAdOMkAra), which is of the nature (mayamagu) of the Supreme Lord - parabrahman (sadASiva),
are indeed the living-liberated (jIvan-muktulu) (muktulani); therefore,
O My Mind! Exult by drinking the nectarine juice of music.

Notes -
Variations –
¹ – ranjillavE - rAjillavE.

² – O manasA – manasA.

References –
³ - yAga – yajnA as described in SrImad bhagavad gItA (Chapter 4) are –

dravya yajnAs-tapO-yajnA yOga-yajnAs-tathA(a)parE
svAdhyAya-jnAna-yajnAS-ca yatayaH saMSitavratAH 28

"Others (again) offer wealth, austerity, and Yoga, as sacrifice, while still others, of self-restraint and rigid vows, offer study of the scriptures and knowledge, as sacrifice." (Offer Yoga as sacrifice: Practice the eightfold Yoga as an act of sacrifice) (Translation and notes by Swami Swarupananda).

⁴ - yOga - constituent parts are eight - known as ashThAnga yOga - yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna and samAdhi. Four different methods of yOga are described in SrImad bhagavat gItA - sAMkhya (jnAna), karma, rAja, bhakti.

⁵ - tyAga – renunciation is described as under in SrImad bhagavad gItA – Chapter 18 -

kAmyAnAM karmaNAM nyAsaM saMnyAsaM kavayO viduH
sarvakarma phala tyAgaM prAhus-tyAgaM vicakshaNAH 2

“The renunciation of kAmya actions (which are accompanied with a desire for fruits), the sages understand as saMnyAsa; the wise declare the abandonment of the fruit of all works as tyAga.” (Translation by Swami Swarupananda)

⁷ - sadASiva – is not same as the Siva of Trinity – brahmA, vishNu, Siva. By this word, SrI tyAgarAja means the brahman - parabrahman – paramAtmA. The praNava - OM - is the name of the brahman. The following patanjali yOga sUtra is relevant –

tasya vAcakaH praNavaH I.27)

“The word which expresses Him is OM.”
(Translation by Swami Prabhavananda)

Comments -
⁶ – bhOga phalamu – Inclusion of the word 'bhOga' along with 'yAga', 'yOga', 'tyAga' is rather intriguing. While yAga and yOga could be practised with enjoyment as aim, 'tyAga' is opposite of enjoyment. Even kRshNa seems to make a difference between 'saMnyAsa' and 'tyAga' in the above quoted verse. 'saMnyAsa' is only 'renunciation of kAmya actions'; 'tyAga' is 'abandonment of fruits of all works'. Therefore, tyAga stands at a higher footing than even saMnyAsa. Under such circumstances what kind of enjoyments (bhOga) could accrue from tyAga? Further, assuming 'bhOga' means 'Worldly enjoyments', this (bhOga) itself is the end and there cannot be any benefit (result) (phalamu) arising from 'bhOga'. Therefore, 'bhOga' and 'phalamu' seem to contradict each other.

In my opinion, the word 'bhOga', is to be taken as an adjective of 'phalamu' and not independently. Accordingly, the 'bhOga phalamu' would refer to 'brahmAnanda' – the transcendental bliss – the end-result of 'yAga', 'yOga' and 'tyAga'. This is further substantiated by the caraNa words 'sadA-Siva mayamagu nAdOMkAra' – nAda brahmam; the end result is to become jIvan mukta – as mentioned in caraNa and not get embroiled in Worldly enjoyments. tyAgarAja is not a person who would entice people with promises of Worldly enjoyments through music. In fact, he has abhorred such people who abuse music – please refer to 'durmArga cara' – rAga ranjani.

It may also be mentioned that of 18 famous siddhas, there is one by the name –'bhOgar' (Tamil website)

⁸ – jIvan-muktulu - SrI tyAgarAja states that those well-versed (vidulu) in this nAdOMkAra, which is the state of parabrahman, are liberated while still alive – jIvan mukta (jIvan muktulu). Though SrI tyAgarAja has not made any mention of bhakti aspect here, this is implied because as he has earlier stated that mere knowledge of music devoid of bhakti will not lead one to the right path of Self-realization - nAdOMkAraM - the state of prabrahman – sadASiva (kRti ‘sangIta jnAnamu’ - sangIta jnAnamu bhakti vinA sanmArgamu kaladE). What SrI tyAgarAja refers here as ‘vidulu’ means those who perform ‘nAdOpAsana’. Please also refer to kRtis ‘mOkshamu kaladA’ and ‘nAdOpAsanacE’ also.

For some interesting information on nAda yOga.


Devanagari

ऎ,कॆ,चॆ.. - e,ke,ce..(short);
ए,के,चे.. - E,kE,cE..(long);
ऐ,कै,चै.. - ai,kai,cai..;
ऒ,कॊ,चॊ.. - o,ko,co..(short);
ओ,को,चो.. - O,kO,cO..(long);
औ,कौ,चौ.. -au,kau,cau..;

प. राग सुधा रस पानमु जेसि
रञ्जिल्लवे ओ मनसा

अ. याग योग त्याग भोग फल(मॊ)संगे (रा)

च. सदाशिव मयमगु ना(दों)कार स्वर
विदुलु जीवन्मुक्तु(ल)नि त्यागराजु तॆलियु (रा)

Tamil

க,ச,ட,த,ப - 2-ख छ ठ थ फ; 3-ग ड द ब; 4-घ झ ढ ध भ
(ச3 - ஜ)
ஸ1 श - शिव - சிவன்
ரு2 ऋ - कृप - கிருபை

ப. ராக3 ஸுதா4 ரஸ பானமு ஜேஸி
ரஞ்ஜில்லவே ஓ மனஸா

அ. யாக3 யோக3 த்யாக3 போ4க3 ப2ல(மொ)ஸங்கே3 (ரா)

ச. ஸதா3ஸி1வ மயமகு3 நா(தோ3)ங்கார ஸ்வர
விது3லு ஜீவன்முக்து(ல)னி த்யாக3ராஜு தெலியு (ரா)

இராகமெனும் அமிழ்தச் சாற்றினைப் பருகி,
களித்திடுவாய், ஓ மனமே!

வேள்வி, யோகம், தியாகம் மற்றும் புவியின்பங்களின்
பயனையளிக்கும்
இராகமெனும் அமிழ்தச் சாற்றினைப் பருகி,
களித்திடுவாய், ஓ மனமே!

சதாசிவ மயமான நாதோங்கார சுரத்தில்
வல்லோர் சீவன் முத்தரென தியாகராசனறிவான்;
இராகமெனும் அமிழ்தச் சாற்றினைப் பருகி,
களித்திடுவாய்! ஓ மனமே!

யோகம் - ஞான, பத்தி, கரும, இராச யோகங்கள்
சதாசிவம் - பரம்பொருள்
நாதோங்காரம் - இசைவடிவில் திகழும் ஓங்காரம்
சீவன் முத்தர் - உயிருடனிருக்கையிலேயே முத்தியடைந்தோர்

Telugu

ప. రాగ సుధా రస పానము జేసి
రంజిల్లవే ఓ మనసా

అ. యాగ యోగ త్యాగ భోగ ఫలమొసంగే (రా)

చ. సదాశివ మయమగు నాదోంకార స్వర
విదులు జీవన్ముక్తులని త్యాగరాజు తెలియు (రా)

Kannada

ಪ. ರಾಗ ಸುಧಾ ರಸ ಪಾನಮು ಜೇಸಿ
ರಂಜಿಲ್ಲವೇ ಓ ಮನಸಾ

ಅ. ಯಾಗ ಯೋಗ ತ್ಯಾಗ ಭೋಗ ಫಲಮೊಸಂಗೇ (ರಾ)

ಚ. ಸದಾಶಿವ ಮಯಮಗು ನಾದೋಂಕಾರ ಸ್ವರ
ವಿದುಲು ಜೀವನ್ಮುಕ್ತುಲನಿ ತ್ಯಾಗರಾಜು ತೆಲಿಯು (ರಾ)

Malayalam

പ. രാഗ സുധാ രസ പാനമു ജേസി
രഞ്ജില്ലവേ ഓ മനസാ

അ. യാഗ യോഗ ത്യാഗ ഭോഗ ഫലമൊസങ്ഗേ (രാ)

ച. സദാശിവ മയമഗു നാദോങ്കാര സ്വര
വിദുലു ജീവന്മുക്തുലനി ത്യാഗരാജു തെലിയു (രാ)

Updated on 10 Feb 2009